FELINE DISEASES

Question 1

What is the pathology of hepatic lipidosis?

Answer 1

Excessive lipid mobilisation to liver from peripheral fat stores due to stress + anorexia

Question 2

What are the clinical signs of hepatic lipidosis in cats?

Answer 2

OBESITY!=signalment

• V+/D+
• jaundice
• hepatomegaly
• hepatic encephalopathy

Question 3

What would the diagnostic test results for hepatic lipidosis show?

Answer 3

HAEM/BIOCHEM/UA:
-anaemia of chronic inflame disease
-hyperbilirubinaemia
-increased liver enzymes
-low urea
-hypokal/phos/mag
-stress hyperglycaemia
COAG PANEL: prolonghed PT + PTT
ABDOM RADS/US: hepatomegaly, hyperechoic hepatic parenchyma
BIOPSY for def diag

Question 4

How would you treat hepatic lipidosis?

Answer 4

Vit K (if coagulopathic), IVFT for electrolyte deficits, nutritional support, antioxidants

Question 5

What is neutrophilic cholangitis?

Answer 5

Ascending infection (E.coli) of bile ducts from small intestine. Characterised by increased no of neutrophils in portal hepatic areas + bile ducts

Question 6

What are the clinical signs of neutrophil cholangitis? What additional sign is seen in lymphocytic cholangitis?

Answer 6

• lethargy
• pyrexia
• anorexia
• jaundice
• acute onset

ASCITES

Question 7

How is neutrophilic cholangitis diagnosed and treated?

Answer 7

DIAG: HAEM/BIOCHEM/UA: neutrophilic, leukocytosis w/ L shift, increased ALT + bilirubin
ABDOM RADS/US = biliary tract dilation
BILIARY CTYOLOGY + CULTURE

TREATMENT: a/bs for 4-6 weeks, nutritional management for anorexia

Question 8

What is lymphocytic cholangitis?

Answer 8

Slowly progressive infiltration of lymphocytes into portal tracts w/ bile duct proliferation + portal fibrosis. Thought to be immune-mediated.
Mainly PERSIAN CATS

Question 9

How is lymphocytic cholangitis diagnosed?

Answer 9

DIAG: HAEM/BIOCHEM/UA: neutrophilia, leukocytosis, mild increase in liver enzymes, hyperglobulinaemia
COAG PANEL: increased PT/PTT
ABDOM RADS/US: hepatomegaly, biliary tract dilation
HISTOLOGY

Question 10

List the potential causes of extra hepatic bile duct obstruction (EHBO)

Answer 10

Neoplasia/cholangitis/duodenitis/pancreatitis/combo -> intra/extraluminal compression of bile duct

Question 11

What are the clinical signs of EHBO?

Answer 11

• jaundice
• anorexia
• depression
• V+
• hepatomegaly
• palpate enlarged gall bladder

Question 12

How is EHBO diagnosed and treated?

Answer 12

DIAGNOSIS: increased liver enzymes + bilirubin, abnorm coag panel due to reduced absorption of fat sol Vit K, abdom rads/us-> dilation of gallbladder + bile duct

TREATMENT: treat underlying disease, antioxidants, Vit K supplementation