Feeding and Eating Disorders

Question 1

What makes up the DSM-V Classification of Feeding and Eating Disorders?

Answer 1

1. Anorexia Nervosa.
2. Bulimia Nervosa.
3. Binge Eating Disorder.
4. Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorder (OSFED).
5. Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID).
6. PICA.
7. Rumination Disorder.

Question 2

What is the DSM-V Criteria of Anorexia Nervosa?

Answer 2

Anorexia Nervosa is the:

1. Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements leading to a significantly low body weight in the context of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical health.
2. Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight.
3. Disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight.

Atypical anorexia includes individuals who meet the criteria for anorexia nervosa but who are not underweight despite significant weight loss.

Question 3

What is the DSM-V criteria for PICA?

Answer 3

PICA is the eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances over a period of at least one month.

Question 4

What is the DSM-V criteria for Rumination Disorder?

Answer 4

• Repeated regurgitation of food for a period of at least one month. Regurgitated food may be re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit out.
• The repeated regurgitation is not due to a medical condition.
• The behaviour does not occur exclusively in the course of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, BED, or ARFID.
• If occurring in the presence of another mental disorder (e.g., intellectual developmental disorder), it is severe enough to warrant independent clinical attention.

Question 5

What is the DSM-V criteria for Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder?

Answer 5

• The disturbance is not better explained by a lack of available food or by an associated culturally sanctioned practice.
• The eating disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of anore

Question 6

What is the DSM-V criteria of Bulimia Nervosa?

Answer 6

Bulimia Nervosa is the:

• Recurrent episodes of binge eating (eating in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat during a similar period of time and under similar circumstances, and a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode).
• Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviour in order to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics or appetite suppressants, fasting or excessive exercise.
• The binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviours both occur, on average, at least once a week for three months.
• Self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight.
• The disturbance does not occur exclusively during episodes of anorexia nervosa.

Question 7

Who is at highest risk of developing anorexia nervosa?

Answer 7

Although anorexia nervosa can occur at any age, the risk is highest in females between the age of 13-18 years old.

Question 8

What is the lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa in women?

Answer 8

The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 2-4% in women.

Question 9

What are the risk factors for developing anorexia nervosa?

Answer 9

• Female Gender.
• Younger Age.
• Family history of eating disorders, depression or substance abuse.
• Increased pressure to be slim (ballet dancers, gymnasts, models, athletes).
• Low self-esteem.
• History of sexual abuse.
• Obsessive Personality.
• Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder.

Question 10

Which tool can be used in primary care to identify patients suffering with an eating disorder?