Federalism/constitution

Question 0

Natural law

Answer 0

An idea that society should be governed by certain ethical principles that are part of nature and can be understood by reason. Root of the American government

Question 1

Natural rights

Answer 1

Rights inherent in human beings, not dependent on governments. Includes life, liberty, and property. This concept was central to john locked theories about government and was widely accepted by the framers.

Question 2

Social contract theory

Answer 2

The belief that people are free and equal by god-given right and that this requires that all people must give consent to be governed by lock and influential in writing the declaration of indep

Question 3

Direct democracy

Answer 3

Members of the polity meet to discuss all policy decisions then after to abide by majority rule; ex. New England town meeting

Question 4

Indirect democracy

Answer 4

(Representative) gives citizens the opportunity to vote for representatives who will work on our behalf; ex. The US now

Question 5

Republic

Answer 5

Government rooted in the consent of the governed

Question 6

Oligarchy

Answer 6

Government in which the right to participate is always conditioned on the possession of wealth or position or achievements

Question 7

Aristocracy

Answer 7

Government controlled by the tule of the highest

Question 8

Elastic clause

Answer 8

Give congress the right to do what is necessary and proper to carry out the stayer powers or what is necessary for the changing times

Question 9

Expressed powers

Answer 9

Congress has the power to tax, regulate commerce, lay duties, imposts and exercises to pay off the debts and provide for the defense of the general welfare of the US

Question 10

Enumerated powers

Answer 10

Powers that belong to the national government such as printing money, making treaties and conducting foreign policy, regulating interstate and international trade

Question 11

reserved powers

Answer 11

Powers that belong exclusively to states including the right to issue licenses, regulation of intrastate businesses, and responsibility to run and pay for federal elections

Question 12

Concurrent powers

Answer 12

Some powers are shared by the federal and state governments such as collecting taxes? building roads, operating courts of, and borrowing money

Question 13

Full faith and credit clause

Answer 13

States are required by the Constitution to accept the court judgments, licensing, contracts, and other civil acts of all other states

Question 14

Privileges and immunities clause

Answer 14

States may not refuse police protectionist access to their courts to a US citizen just because he Lives in a different state

Question 15

Extradition

Answer 15

States must return fugitives to the states from which they have fled

Question 16

Advantages of federalism

Answer 16

Mass participation
Regional Autonomy
Government at many levels
Innovative methods

Question 17

Disadvantages of Federalism

Answer 17

Lack of consistency
Inefficiency
Bureaucracy

Question 18

Formal amendments

Answer 18

A proposed amendment must be introduced to both houses of Congress and approved by two thirds majority in each
Then three fourths of state legislatures must ratify(approve)

Question 19

Federalism

Answer 19

equal powers of government between a strong national government and the individual states. government power derives from the people. relationship between both governments

Question 20

Dual Federalism

Answer 20

Layer cake; belief that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement. National government should not exceed enumerated powers

Question 21

Cooperative Federalism

Answer 21

Marble cake; intertwined powers of the state and national government. grants allocated federal funds to the states for a specific purpose (ex. Morril Land Grant Act)

Question 22

Supremacy Clause

Answer 22

declares that federal law takes precedence over all forms of state law (in article 6)

Question 23

Block Grant

Answer 23

sum of money that gives huge leeway (no strings attached); during devolution revolution

Question 24

Categorical Grant aka formula grant

Answer 24

ongress funds for a specific purpose after 1960’s, allocated federal money by a precise formula and are subjected to detail conditions imposed by a national government; aka formula grands, strings attached for specific programs; during existential times

Question 25

Grant-in-Aid

Answer 25

Project grant: states apply for grants for specific projects

Question 26

Revenue Sharing

Answer 26

general grant to money to states to spend as they pleased; during New Federalism

Question 27

Mandates (unfunded

Answer 27

barred congress from passing costly programs without debate on how to fund them; A requirement set forth by a governing agency that does not provide any type of funding to facilitate the requirement. For example, “In order to comply with the unfunded mandate on security upgrades, the business will have to incur out-of-pocket expenses

Question 28

Nullification

Answer 28

the failure or refusal of a US state to aid in enforcement of federal laws within its limits, especially on Constitutional grounds. To render or declare legally void or inoperative.

Question 29

Devolution

Answer 29

new federalism; campaign for more states rights(1994) but the federal government still has more power than the state government

Question 30

Tenth Amendment

Answer 30

if not stated to be given to the federal government in the Constitution or not explicitly said states cannot have it, it is still given to the state (ex. police powers, public health, safety, morals)

Question 31

Ex post facto law

Answer 31

inflicts punishment for act committed before it was legal

Question 32

Bill of Attainder

Answer 32

lay that inflicts punishment without a trial