Federalism

Question 1

A faction is a group that

Answer 1

strongly disagrees with another group.

Question 2

The Anti-Federalists wanted to

Answer 2

ensure the Bill of Rights was included in the Constitution

Question 3

Which best describes Patrick Henry?

Answer 3

He was an Anti-Federalist and opposed the Constitution.

Question 4

How were Samuel Adams and Thomas Jefferson alike in their position on ratifying the Constitution?

Answer 4

They both opposed a strong federal government.

Question 5

5) Read the excerpt from The Federal Farmer.
Instead of being thirteen republics, under a federal head, [the Federalists’ plan] is clearly designed to make us one [unified] government. . . . Whether such a change can ever be [made] in any manner; whether it can be [made] without convulsions and civil wars; whether such a change will not totally destroy the liberties of this country—time only can determine.
–The Federal Farmer
What best summarizes the point of view the excerpt expresses?

Answer 5

One unified government probably will not lead to disruptions and civil wars

Question 6

According to Anti-Federalists, the Constitution

Answer 6

could give the president too much influence.

Question 7

Why did Anti-Federalists favor a bill of rights?

Answer 7

It would give the government more power to make laws.

Question 8

What did Anti-Federalists fear would happen if the Constitution became law?

Answer 8

Congress would have too much power over states.

Question 9

Anti-Federalists argued that

Answer 9

the Constitution would make states less powerful.

Question 10

10) Read the excerpt from the Centinel.
This hypothesis [separation of powers] supposes human wisdom competent [capable] to the task of instituting three co-equal orders in government…If such an organization of power were practicable [able to be used], how long would it continue? Not a day.
—Centinel
What is the Centinel’s view of the three-party system?

Answer 10

People could not create a fair system with three separate powers.

Question 11

What was the Federalists’ view of the Constitution?

Answer 11

They approved of the Constitution.

Question 12

How did Alexander Hamilton and James Madison view the Constitution?

Answer 12

They led those who favored the Constitution.

Question 13

Read the passage.
The regular distribution of power into distinct departments… the representation of the people in the legislature by deputies of their own election: these are… powerful means, by which the excellences of republican government may be retained.
Whose viewpoint does this excerpt reflect?

Answer 13

the viewpoint of those who supported a bill of rights

Question 14

Federalists believed a strong government would

Answer 14

encourage states to work together.

Question 15

What is the purpose of checks and balances in the Constitution

Answer 15

They would keep any one branch from having too much power.

Question 16

Unlike the Anti-Federalists, the Federalists believed

Answer 16

the president should have enough power to lead.

Question 17

Read the excerpt from the Publius.
It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices [checks and balances] should be necessary to control the abuses of government… If men were angels, no government would be necessary.
—Publius
Which statement summarizes the publication’s view of government?

Answer 17

We need government because people are flawed.

Question 18

Read the excerpt from the Publius.
In republican government, the [lawmaking] authority necessarily [has the most power]. The remedy for this…is to divide the legislature into different branches; and to render them…as little connected with each other [as possible].
—Publius
Which idea does this excerpt support?

Answer 18

the Federalist idea that lawmaking power should be divided among the different branches of government

Question 19

Read the excerpt from the Publius.
In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself.
—Publius
How would Federalists most likely respond to this?

Answer 19

They would agree and be confident that the Constitution meets those goals.

Question 20

Federalists believed a workable government

Answer 20

must separate government into branches.

Question 21

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #15 by Alexander Hamilton.
Government implies the power of making laws. It is essential to the idea of a law, that it be attended with a sanction; or, in other words, a penalty or punishment for disobedience. If there be no penalty annexed to disobedience, the resolutions or commands which pretend to be laws will, in fact, amount to nothing more than advice or recommendation.
According to Hamilton, what was a failure of the Articles of Confederation that would be corrected by the new Constitution?

Answer 21

The government could make laws under the Articles, but would be able to enforce them under the Constitution

Question 22

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #15 by Alexander Hamilton.
Government implies the power of making laws. It is essential to the idea of a law, that it be attended with a sanction; or, in other words, a penalty or punishment for disobedience. If there be no penalty annexed to disobedience, the resolutions or commands which pretend to be laws will, in fact, amount to nothing more than advice or recommendation.
Alexander Hamilton was most likely

Answer 22

a Federalist who supported ratification of the Constitution.

Question 23

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #44 by James Madison.
Had every State a right to regulate the value of its coin, there might be as many different currencies as States, and thus the [trade] among them would be impeded; [unexpected changes] in its value might be made, and thus the citizens of other States be injured, and animosities be kindled among the States themselves. The subjects of foreign powers might suffer from the same cause, and hence the Union be discredited and embroiled by the indiscretion of a single member.
According to Madison, ratifying the Constitution would improve the economy by

Answer 23

allowing each state to have its own currency and trade laws

Question 24

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #44 by James Madison.
Had every State a right to regulate the value of its coin, there might be as many different currencies as States, and thus the [trade] among them would be impeded; [unexpected changes] in its value might be made, and thus the citizens of other States be injured, and animosities be kindled among the States themselves. The subjects of foreign powers might suffer from the same cause, and hence the Union be discredited and embroiled by the indiscretion of a single member.
James Madison would most likely agree with the idea that

Answer 24

each state should regulate its own trade with other countries

Question 25

) Read the following excerpt from Federalist #3 by John Jay.
The number of wars which have happened or will happen in the world will always be found to be in proportion to the number and weight of the causes, whether REAL or PRETENDED, which PROVOKE or INVITE them. If this remark be just, it becomes useful to inquire whether so many JUST causes of war are likely to be given by UNITED AMERICA as by DISUNITED America; for if it should turn out that United America will probably give the fewest, then it will follow that in this respect the Union tends most to preserve the people in a state of peace with other nations.
Which of the following best explains John Jay’s position on maintaining a state of peace with other nations?

Answer 25

By keeping America united under a strong national government, Americans are more likely to have safe and peaceful lives.

Question 26

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #3 by John Jay.
The number of wars which have happened or will happen in the world will always be found to be in proportion to the number and weight of the causes, whether REAL or PRETENDED, which PROVOKE or INVITE them. If this remark be just, it becomes useful to inquire whether so many JUST causes of war are likely to be given by UNITED AMERICA as by DISUNITED America; for if it should turn out that United America will probably give the fewest, then it will follow that in this respect the Union tends most to preserve the people in a state of peace with other nations.
What might John Jay say is a potential danger associated with not ratifying the Constitution?

Answer 26

Separate states are less likely to preserve peace with other nations

Question 27

Read the following excerpt from The Objections of the Hon. George Mason to the Proposed Federal Constitution: Addressed to the Citizens of Virginia, written in 1787.
There is no declaration of rights: and the laws of the general government being paramount to the laws and constitutions of the several states, the declarations of rights, in the separate states, are no security.
Based on the excerpt, what does George Mason think the Constitution would need to better protect citizens?

Answer 27

a bill of rights

Question 28

Read the following excerpt from The Objections of the Hon. George Mason to the Proposed Federal Constitution: Addressed to the Citizens of Virginia, written in 1787.
There is no declaration of rights: and the laws of the general government being paramount to the laws and constitutions of the several states, the declarations of rights, in the separate states, are no security.
According to Anti-Federalist George Mason, why would state rights no longer be protected?

Answer 28

National laws and the new Constitution would be stronger than state laws