Federal Mortgage Related Laws 1 Flashcards
Disclosures due within three business days of loan application
- Good Faith Estimate (RESPA)
- Settlement Cost Booklet (RESPA)
- Mortgage Servicing Disclosure Statement (RESPA)
- Truth in Lending Disclosure Statement (TILA)
- Charm Booklet (TILA
- Variable-rate program disclosures (TILA)
- Home Equity plan disclosures (TILA)
- Notice of Right to Receive an Appraisal Report (ECOA)
HOEPA high-cost home loan thresholds…
- APR threshold
- Points and fees threshold
- Prepayment penalty threshold
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What are the penalties for violation of RESPA/Section 8?
- Section 8 of RESPA prohibits referral fees and other forms of kickbacks/fee splitting.
- Penalties include fines of up to &10,000 and up to one year in prison
What can result in a $1,000,000 fine and 30 years in prison?
Acts of mortgage Fraud.
-The FBI Mortgage Fraud Warning Notice reminds all parties to a loan transaction of this fact.
Definition of the term “creditor”?
A creditor is any person who regularly extends, renews, or continues credit. Loan originators, lenders and other mortgage professionals are included in this definition.
Transactions reported under the HMDA
- Purchases
- Refinances
- Home improvement loans
- Pre-qualifications must also be reported, along with their disposition.
When a borrower’s LTV reaches 80%
- He/She is permitted to request discontinuation of PMI.
- The Homeowners Protection Act Sets the requirements for discontinuation of PMI.
An initial privacy notice is due….
- At the time that a customer relationship is established.
- The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act requires financial institutions (including mortgage brokers) to provide an initial privacy notice.
“…Not later than when you establish a customer reltionship…” The initial privacy notice should also be accompanied by the opt-out notice.
HMDA requires loan originators to
- Request information on an applicant’s race, ethnicity and sex. The applicant may decline to answer, in which case the loan originator must make a best guess based on visual observation. This information is necessary to meet the reporting of the HMDA.
A permissible purpose is required…
- When obtaining a credit report
- Under FCRA lenders and mortgage professionals must provide the consumer reporting agency with a certification of permissible purpose in order to pull credit. loan qualification is considered a permissible pupose
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act does not protect…
- Publicly-available information.
This includes information that can be found in government real estate records, information available from the phone book, and information included on a public unrestricted website.
What is the statue of limitation for bank fraud?
The statue of limitations for bank fraud is 10 years. Penalties can include fines up to $1,000,000 and prison for up to 30 yrs.
Information on the cost of credit results in…
The informed use of credit by consumers. The Consumer Credit protection Act (CCPA) states, “Congress finds that economic stabilization would be enhanced by the informed used of credit. The informed use of credit results from an awareness of the costs thereof by consumers”.
Exceptions under the ECOA…
Although the ECOA prohibits inquires about protected personal characteristics, mortgage professionals are permitted to ask about race, ethnicity and sex for the purposes of compliance with government monitoring programs ( such as HMDA). Inquires about protected characteristics may also be used to determine eligibilty for special-purpose credit, such as assistance programs through non-profits.
The purpose of the Homeowners Protection Act is…
The Homeowners Protection Act was enacted to facilitate the cancellation of private mortgage insurance (PMI) . Borrowers can request cancellation when their loan reaches 80% loan-to-value (20% equity), but the law requires automatic discontinuation of PMI at 78% LTV (22% equity.)
Advertising trigger terms under TILA include…
- Amount or % of any down payment
- Number of payments or period of repayment
- Amount of any payment
- Amount of any finance charge
What is the Mortgage Servicing Disclosure Statement?
The Mortgage Servicing Disclosure Statement discloses to a loan applicant if servicing may be sold during the term of their loan. It applies to first lien mortgages only and must be provided within three business days of application.
Fee Splitting is illegal when….
One or both settlement service provide fail to perform enough work to earn the fee
“Low monthly payments” is an example of…
An advertising trigger term under Regulation Z ( TILA)
- TILA/Reg Z requires additional information to be provided in an advertisement that contains trigger terms. Most commonly, APR must be provided if the advertisement includes the note rate.
Regulation B….
Is the regulation that issues the rules for the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.
Credit not covered by TILA…
- Business or agricultural credit
- Credit in excess of 25,000, unless it is secured by a dwelling/ real property
- Public utility credit
- Student loans
- Home fuel budget plans
When a borrower reaches a 20% equity position…
He/She is permitted to request discontinuation of PMI
( private mortgage insurance).
The Homeowners Protection Act sets the requirements for discontinuation of PMI. It is at the lenders discretion to permit discontinuation at 80% LTV
- the borrower must be current on payments
The Patriot Act requires…
Financial institutions to verify the identity of a person applying for a loan, maintain a record of the information used for verification, and determine whether a potential borrower appears on known terrorist lists.
Nonpublic personal information is…
Information derived from a credit report or provided with respect to loan application.
- examples might include:
loan balances, account numbers, unlisted phone numbers, etc. Nonpublic personal information is protected by the provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act.
Where is borrower credit disclosed?
Borrow credit - an amount paid to a third party originator by a lender for locking a loan in at an interest rate above the par rate
-must be disclosed on the GFE and HUD-1.
Updated versions of the forms are intended to make disclosure of borrower credit clearer to borrowers.
What purpose does escrow analysis serve?
An aggregate escrow analysis ( ANNUAL ESCROW STATEMENT) is provided to borrowers annually, pursuant to Section 10 of RESPA. It’s purpose is to prevent escrow overages.
According to Section 10, the cushion of funds maintained in the escrow account cannot exceed one sixth (TWO months) of the annual cost of taxes and insurance.
Regulation X….
Is the regulation that issues the rules for the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act - RESPA
Who issues and enforces regulations for TILA
The CFPB- Consumer Federal Protection Bureau
When must APR be initially disclosed?
APR must be initially disclosed within three business days of application
Following initial disclosure of APR, when can the transaction process?
The transaction can proceed to closing after seven business days have elapsed from disclosures.
A three-year right of rescission may occur when…
A loan originator/lender fails to correctly provide a Notice of the Right to Cancel or fails to provide the borrower with proper material notices required under TILA.
- This includes the APR, finance charge, amount financed, number of payments and payment schedule.
Protected characteristics under ECOA include….
- Marital status
- Sex
- Bearing/rearing of children
- Race
- Color
- Religion
- National origin
- Age
Purpose of HMDA…
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act is a reporting law that helps the federal government identify discriminatory lending practices. It also ensures that depository institutions are meeting the needs of their communities. HMDA requires mortgage professionals to report information about loan transactions and demographics(race, sex, etc.) of applicants.
When multiple parties have rescission rights….
Any one of them may exercise the right to terminate the transaction. Under the TILA/Regulation Z, an individual has rescission rights when he/she has an ownership interest in the property. The individual does not necessarily have to be a party to the loan transaction.
If an ad states the rate of finance, it must…
Use the term “annual percentage rate”. APR is required in advertisements that use trigger terms. The goal is to ensure that consumers are advised of all terms of a loan and not just the most attractive ones.
Under TILA, business days are…
Everyday except for Sundays and federal holidays. Saturdays are included as business days. This is very important when calculating the time period alloted for rescission.
What is the Servicing Transfer statement?
Required under Section 6 of RESPA, the Servicing Transfer Statement advises a borrower when their loan has been transferred to another servicer. It must be provided 15 days prior to the servicing transfer. The new servicer must also provide notice within 15 days after the transfer and may not assess late fees for a period of 60 days following the transfer.
When is the GFE provided?
Within three business days following application. If the loan application is completed in a face-to-face interview , the disclosure is due at the time of the application.
Title charges ( on the GFE ) include…
- Cost of the title search
- Title insurance premiums
- Notary fees
TILA covers loans when…
- The borrower’s dwelling secures the mortgage debt
- The homeowners uses the proceeds of the loan for personal, family, or household purposes
Prohibitions under the ECOA include….
- Inquires about protected characteristics
- Discouraging applicants from applying for a loan (also called steering)
- Refusing to consider public assistance, alimony/child support, or pension retirement benefits as income
- Assuming that a woman will stop work to raise children