Feb 25 BK Flashcards
Progress towards unity by 1861 could not have happened without the support by foreign powers. How far do you agree with this statement?
I totally agree because although the Italians themselves played the main role, Great Power support of that self-determination was also necessary (plus Cavour agrees with me and he knew stuff).
What are the two factors disagreeing?
Piedmont (Cavour & National Society)
Garibaldi
What are the two factors agreeing?
The French
The British
Piedmont: What terms of the Plombieres meeting show Cavour as an opportunist?
For French help, Cavour accepted the unification of Italy into four blocks and gave France Nice and Savoy.
Piedmont: What projects did Cavour have funded by foreign investors? (Year built; funded by?)
1854 railway linking Milan, Turin, Genoa, and the French Border, funded by Rothschild.
Tunnel through Mount Cenis was being built from 1857, funded by Parisian bankers including Rothschild and Laffitte (friends of Napoleon III)
Piedmont: What were the 7 terms of Plombieres and when was it?
Austria seen as aggressors; Kingdom of Upper Italy; Kingdom of Central Italy; Italian Confederation; Naples stays the same; Nice and Savoy in return for 200,000 soldiers; Marie Clothilde to marry Jerome Bonaparte.
21st July 1858
Piedmont: Two ways VE showed leadership?
1) Convinced Cavour to enter Crimean War
2) Mollified Louis Napoleon after Orsini plot, Jan 1858
Garibaldi: When and where did Victor Emmanuel II and Garibaldi meet?
26th Oct 1860, Teano
Garibaldi: What was Garibaldi’s 1859 force called and how many volunteers did it comprise?
The Alpine Hunters; 3000
Garibaldi: What was Garibaldi’s 1860 force called and how many volunteers did it comprise?
The Thousand; 1200
Garibaldi: What was Garibaldi’s home city?
Nice
France: Give two personal reasons for Napoleon III to support Italy.
Lived there in his youth, pro-liberalism, felt badly for sending troops into Rome in 1849.
France: Give two political reasons for Napoleon III to support Italy.
Weaken Austria, gain support at home, power in Europe, gain a southern European ally.
France: At Solferino, how many Allied casualties were there out of how many Allied soldiers, and what was the result?
17,000 casualties out of 137,000
France negotiated a treaty with Austria
Red Cross created
France: Give an example of how Napoleon III helped Piedmont, other than militarily.
Helped to write Grido di Dolore speech, Jan 10, 1859
Britain: Give three reasons why Britain might support Victor Emmanuel’s Italy.
1) Gratitude from the Crimean War
2) Didn’t want a republic
3) Wanted to weaken Austria and gain an ally
Britain: Who promoted self-determination?
Lord John Russell, the British foreign secretary.
Britain: When and where did the British navy help Garibaldi the second time?
22nd August 1860; the straits of Calabria
Britain: When and where did the British navy help Garibaldi the first time?
11th May 1860; Marsala, Sicily
