FDR + New Deal

Question 1

Hoover’s insufficient efforts

Answer 1

Spent $100 million on public works 1930 eg Dam
Blocked Garner-Wagner Relief Bill 1932, 2.1$billion for jobs

Question 2

Emergency Banking Act 1933

Answer 2

All banks closed and checked by federal agents
Only 5,000 allowed to reopen

Question 3

Alphabet agencies

Answer 3

PWA spent 7$ billion between 1933-1939, created 600,000 skilled jobs
CCC temporary construction work, 2.5M
Employed 200K AAs, 8K women
FERA 500M$ to aid poor

Question 4

AAA and NRA

Answer 4

Rose agricultural prices, doubled farmers income 1933-39
NRA joined by 2 million employers

Question 5

2nd New Deal

Answer 5

RA resettled 500,000 families
Replaced by FSA 1937
Wagner Act = trade unions rose by 7 million
Confidence not restored, 75% of spending
Social security
WPA joined all job creating organisations together

Question 6

1936 election

Answer 6

highest margin of victory ever; shows popularity & public support of New Deal (1st & 2nd)
46/48 states

Question 7

Opposition

Answer 7

Father Coughlan: broadcast his views to 40 million, founded the National Union for Social Justice, membership of 7 million
• Huey Long: 7.5 million supporters in 1935, presidential ambitions, suggested to limit personal wealth to $3 million. 1935,assassinated
• Dr Francis Townsend & ‘Townsend Clubs’ campaigned for pensions of $200 per month for over-60s

Question 8

Unemployment not solved by new deal but by ww2

Answer 8

1933: unemployment stood at approx 14 million, 25% of the workforce.
By the end of 1941, when America entered WWII, it had fallen to 6 million (still high)
under 5% by 1942 due to WW2
Despite FDR efforts, never fell under 5M/14%

Question 9

1937 recession

Answer 9

New deal budget cut, laid off workers
Unemployment to 20% again
GNP down 10%, production down 50%

Question 10

Judicial Reform Act

Answer 10

FDR tried to appoint 6 more judges to supreme court (constitution change)
Unpopular amongst public

Question 11

Aid Programmes 1939-41

Answer 11

‘Cash&Carry’ 1939 sold weapons to England (help war industry)
‘Lend&Lease’ 1941 helping exports
RESULTS: 1942 unemployment 5%

Question 12

Alleviation of worst effects

Answer 12

Unemployment 25% 1933 to 15% 1937 pre-recession
Production 1932-37 increases nearly 100%

Question 13

Objective of ND: 3 R’s

Answer 13

RECOVERY: (jobs) (WPA, PWA, CCC…)
RELIEF: aid the poor (food + necessities) (FERA, TVA)
REFORM: financial system (money) (SEC, Emergency Banking Act)