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US History: FDR-Great Depression > FDR-Great Depression Test Review > Flashcards

FDR-Great Depression Test Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the key accomplishment of the individual as Assistant Secretary of the Navy?

A

Modernized the Navy

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2
Q

In what year did FDR die while in office?

A

1945

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3
Q

What key message did President Roosevelt convey in his inaugural address regarding fear?

A

Fear is the obstacle to be overcome

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4
Q

What was the main reason for declaring a bank holiday?

A

to prevent collapse

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5
Q

What did President Roosevelt declare on March 6, 1933, in response to the banking crisis?

A

Bank Holiday

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6
Q

What reputation did FDR develop in their early political career?

A

Progressive

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7
Q

What specific action did President Roosevelt require from bankers during the bank holiday?

A

turn all valuables into the Federal Government

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8
Q

How did the Bank Holiday impact the public perception of the government?

A

sense of unity and hope

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9
Q

Which statement best summarizes the long-term impact of the Bank Holiday?

A

beginning of unprecedented government intervention and power

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10
Q

Which of the following statements best describes the tone and delivery of FDR’s Fireside Chats?

A

Reassuring

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11
Q

What were FDR’s primary goals in starting the “Fireside Chats”?

A

To show he cared and had empathy

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12
Q

What was the primary goal of the Emergency Banking Act of 1933?

A

stabilize and restore confidence

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13
Q

How did the Emergency Banking Act hurt the public?

A

Limited withdrawals from banks for individuals

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14
Q

Who were “conservators” appointed under the Act, and what was their role?

A

Government appointed people sent to fix problems created by inept employees

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15
Q
  1. What is the most common nickname for the numerous federal agencies created during the New Deal?
A

Alphabet Agencies

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16
Q

What was the primary goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)?

A

To decrease supply

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17
Q

What criticism did the AAA face for its animal destroying program?

A

Cruel and inhumane

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18
Q

What was the primary concern among critics regarding the constitutionality of the AAA?

A

Direct government control of industry

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19
Q

What did the dairy farmers do in an effort to protest the government’s programs of destroying agricultural products?

A

Dumped the milk out

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20
Q

What was the primary objective of the TVA’s economic development initiatives?

A

Crate jobs and better lives

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21
Q

In what way did the reduction in Government spending hurt the American worker?

A

Reduced government spending resulted in industries failing and cutting jobs

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22
Q

What were the primary criticisms of the TVA’s dam construction projects?

A

People, in that region, who owned construction companies lost their businesses

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23
Q

How did the availability of electricity through the TVA contribute to “consumerism” in the region?

A

Those people now wanted to buy goods that required electricity

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24
Q

What is under the water in almost every reservoir that the TVA built?

A

Towns and houses

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25
Q

What was the initial reaction to the TVA’s creation?

A

Enthusiasm and feeling of progress

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26
Q

Since the government of the United States owned and operated the TVS, what did critics say?

A

Socialism was being practiced

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27
Q

How did the construction of TVA dams impact local communities?

A

forced people to move

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28
Q

How did the TVA’s construction projects affect Native American heritage?

A

Destroyed cultural lands

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29
Q

The Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) of 1933 primarily aimed to:

A

addressed needs by providing necessities to people

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30
Q

How did the FERA distribute relief funds to those in need?

A

Grant system allocated funds to state and local agencies

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31
Q

What was the approximate amount of funding allocated to the FERA?

A

500 million

32
Q

How did the FERA contribute to the overall goals of the New Deal?

A

Provided immediate relief to many people

33
Q

What was the primary purpose of the Economy Act?

A

reduce government spending

34
Q

What happened as a result of the reduced government spending created by the Economy Act?

A

people lost jobs

35
Q

What were the two main groups affected by the Economy Act’s cuts?

A

Federal Employees and veterans

36
Q

To what extent were federal employee salaries reduced by the Economy Act?

A

15%

37
Q

Why did the Economy Act lead to job losses in the private sector?

A

reduced demand for goods

38
Q

What was the name of the policy that the Economy Act used to reduce government spending?

A

Contractionary Fiscal Policy

39
Q

How did many Americans view the Economy Act and associated spending cuts?

A

Betrayal of campaign promises

40
Q

What was the primary purpose of establishing the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in 1933?

A

Address issues for young men

41
Q

What types of opportunities did the CCC offer to participants besides employment?

A

Vocational skills

42
Q

How did the CCC program indirectly benefit families of participating young men?

A

Reducing strain on families in need

43
Q

How did the CCC program address potential social unrest and trouble in towns and cities?

A

Providing jobs and structure

44
Q

What was the primary age range for joining the CCC program?

A

18-25

45
Q

What was the most severe punishment for serious offenses in the CCC camps?

A

See you later, bucko!

46
Q

What were the primary logistical challenges of working in remote and rugged terrain?

A

Transportation

47
Q

The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:

A

provide security and benefits

48
Q

Which of the following did critics of the Social Security Act believe?

A

too costly and complex

49
Q

What are the two biggest obstacles for the sustainability of Social Security in America?

A

living too long and government is in massive debt

50
Q

With what group of lawmakers did FDR have to compromise in order to get the Social Security Act passed?

A

Southern Democrats

51
Q

Which group of workers was excluded from the original Social Security Act due to already having existing retirement benefits?

A

Federal Employees

52
Q

What was the primary reason for changing the name from “Social Insurance” to “Social Security”?

A

avoid looking like socialists

53
Q

Which group was disproportionately disadvantaged in the original form of the Social Security Act?

A

Women and minorities

54
Q

What was the primary aim of establishing industrial codes of fair competition under the NIRA?

A

Encourage cooperation and self-regulation

55
Q

What was the main concern addressed by the NIRA’s prohibition on predatory pricing?

A

preventing wealthy companies from squashing the little guy out of business

56
Q

The NIRA aimed to achieve its goals through which primary process?

A

Control and regulation by the NRA

57
Q

How did the NIRA promote the idea that it “kept government out of business practices”?

A

Exclude government from the initial creation of codes

58
Q

What was the primary reason for prohibiting child labor under the NIRA?

A

reduce adult unemployment

59
Q

What was a potential weakness of the NIRA’s reliance on voluntary compliance from businesses?

A

Too big of a nation and way too many companies too look after

60
Q

What element of the code development process was designed to ensure transparency and public input?

A

Holding public hearings to discuss codes and decisions

61
Q

Under the NRA, who had the final authority to approve or reject industry codes?

A

FDR

62
Q

How did the NRA’s establishment of minimum prices for goods and services contribute to reducing deflation?

A

By creating an environment that will encourage consumer spending and a more stable environment

63
Q

How did the NIRA’s minimum prices protect businesses from economic losses?

A

Prevent businesses from selling below a price level that would provide profit

64
Q

What is the term that means ‘prices going way down”?

A

Deflation

65
Q

By establishing codes of minimum prices, what could the many industries not do?

A

Keep from losing money, keep from losing employees and keep from having the Government tell them what to do

66
Q

Why voluntary rules not really work?

A

You simply don’t have to follow them

67
Q

What procedure did the Schechter Poultry company use for killing chickens?

A

Straight Killing

68
Q

What was the primary reason the Supreme Court ruled against the government in the Schechter Poultry case?

A

Found the Live Poultry Code to be an overreach of government authority

69
Q

What was the primary consequence of the Supreme Court’s decision in the Schechter Poultry case for FDR’s presidency?

A

Eroded the confidence that the people had in FDR and though he was just trying to extend his authority

70
Q

How did the Schechter ruling limit FDR’s executive power?

A

Preventing his direct influence on businesses

71
Q

How did the Schechter ruling impact the balance between civil liberties and business regulation in the United States?

A

Protected people from having their rights violated by the Federal Government

72
Q

Which human activities are identified as contributing factors to the severity of the Dust Bowl?

A

Deforestation, overgrazing and lack of cover crops

73
Q

What was the primary goal of the Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act)?

A

protect workers’ rights to bargain collectively

74
Q

What was the main reason behind FDR proposing to increase the number of Supreme Court justices?

A

He wanted to have judges that would make decisions he liked

75
Q

What specific principle of government did critics argue was threatened by FDR’s court-packing plan?

A

He was trying to get around the ‘Separation of Powers “ clause

76
Q
A

US History: FDR-Great Depression (1 decks)

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