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FCLE EXAM > FCLE 161 questions > Flashcards

FCLE 161 questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the supreme law of the land

A

The constitution

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2
Q

What does the constitution do?

A

sets up the government
defines the government
protects basic rights of Americans

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3
Q

The idea of self-government is in the first
three words of the Constitution. What are
these words?

A

We the people

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4
Q

What is an amendment?

A

a change (to the Constitution)
an addition (to the Constitution)

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5
Q

What do we call the first ten amendments
to the Constitution?

A

The Bill of Rights

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6
Q

What is one right or freedom from the
First Amendment?*

A

Speech
Religion
Assembly
Press
Petition the government

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7
Q

How many amendments does the Con-
stitution have?

A

twenty-seven (27)

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8
Q

What did the Declaration of Indepen-
dence do?

A

announced our independence (from
Great Britain)
declared our independence (from Great
Britain)
said that the United States is free (from
Great Britain)

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9
Q

What are two rights in the Declaration of
Independence?

A

life
liberty
pursuit of happiness

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10
Q

What is freedom of religion?

A

You can practice any religion, or not
practice a religion.

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11
Q

What is the economic system in the Unit-
ed States?*

A

capitalist economy
market economy

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12
Q

What is the “rule of law”?

A

Everyone must follow the law
Leaders must obey the law
Government must obey the law
No one is above the law

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13
Q

Name one branch or part of the govern-
ment.

A

Congress
legislative
President
executive
the courts
judicial

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14
Q

What stops one branch of government
from becoming too powerful?

A

checks and balances
separation of powers

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15
Q

Who is in charge of the executive
branch?

A

the President

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16
Q

Who makes federal laws?

A

Congress
Senate and House (of Representatives)
(U.S. or national) legislature

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17
Q

What are the two parts of the U.S. Con-
gress?*

A

the Senate and House (of Representa-
tives)

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18
Q

How many U.S. Senators are there?

A

100

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19
Q

We elect a U.S. Senator for how many
years?

A

six (6)

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20
Q

Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators
now?*

A

Marco Rubio

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21
Q

The House of Representatives has how
many voting members?

A

435

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22
Q

We elect a U.S. Representative for how
many years?

A

two (2)

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23
Q

Name yourU.S. Representative.

A

Donna Shalala

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24
Q

Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

A

all people of the state

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25
Q

Why do some states have more Repre-
sentatives than other states?

A

(because of) the states population
(because) they have more people
(because) some states have more peo-
ple

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26
Q

We elect a President for how many
years?

A

four (4)

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27
Q

In what month do we vote for President?*

A

November

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28
Q

What is the name of the President of
theUnited States now?*

A

Donald J Trump

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29
Q

What is the name of the Vice President
of the United States now?

A

Mike Pence

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30
Q

If the President can no longer serve, who
becomes President?

A

The Vice President

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31
Q

If both the President and the Vice Presi-
dent can no longer serve, who becomes
President?

A

The speaker of the House

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32
Q

Who is the Commander in Chief of the
military?

A

the President

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33
Q

Who signs bills to become laws?

A

the President

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34
Q

Who vetoes bills?

A

The President

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35
Q

What does the President’s Cabinet do?

A

advises the President

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36
Q

What are two Cabinet-level positions?

A

Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel-

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37
Q

are positions?

A

opment

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38
Q

What does the judicial branch do?

A

reviews laws
explains laws
resolves disputes (disagreements)

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39
Q

What is the highest court in the United
States?

A

the Supreme Court

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40
Q

How many justices are on the Supreme
Court?

A

nine (9)

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41
Q

Who is the Chief Justice of the United
States now?

A

John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.)

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42
Q

Under our Constitution, some powers
belong to the federal government. What
is one power of the federal government?

A

To print money
To declare war
To create an army
To make treaties

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43
Q

Under our Constitution, some powers
belong to the states. What is one power
of the states?

A

Providing schooling and education
Provide protection (police)
Provide safety (fire departments)
Give a driver’s license
Approve zoning and land use

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44
Q

Who is the Governor of your state now?

A

Ron DeSantis

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45
Q

What is the capital of your state?*

A

Tallahassee

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46
Q

What are the two major political parties
in the United States?*

A

Democratic and Republican

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47
Q

What is the political party of the Presi-
dent now?

A

Republican Party

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48
Q

What is the name of the Speaker of the
House of Representatives now?

A

Nancy Pelosi

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49
Q

There are four amendments to the Con-
stitution about who can vote. Describe
one of them.

A

Citizen 18 and older
You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote
Any citizen can vote (women and men
can vote)
A male citizen of any race (can vote)

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50
Q

What is one responsibility that is only for
United States citizens?*

A

Serve on a jury
vote in a federal election

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51
Q

Name one right only for United States
citizens.

A

vote in a federal election
run for federal office

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52
Q

What are two rights of everyone living in
the United States?

A

Freedom of expression
Freedom of speech
Freedom of assembly
Freedom to petition the government
Freedom of religion
The right to bear arms

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53
Q

What do we show loyalty to when we say
the Pledge of Allegiance?

A

The United States
The flag

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54
Q

What is one promise you make when you
become a United States citizen?

A

give up loyalty to other countries
defend the constitution and laws of the
United States
Obey the laws of the United States
Serve in the U.S military( if needed)
Serve (do important work for) the nation
be loyal to the United States

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55
Q

How old do citizens have to be to vote for
President?*

A

18 and older

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56
Q

What are two ways that Americans can
participate in their democracy?

A

vote
join a political party
help with a campaign
join a community group
join a civic group
run for office
write to a newspaper

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57
Q

When is the last day you can send in
federal income tax forms?*

A

April 15

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58
Q

When must all men register for the Se-
lective Service?

A

at age 18
btw 18 and 26

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59
Q

What is one reason colonists came to
America?

A

freedom
political liberty
religious freedom
economic opportunity
practice their religion
escape persecution

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60
Q

Who lived in America before the Euro-
peans arrived?

A

American Indians
Native Americans

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61
Q

What group of people was taken to
America and sold as slaves?

A

Africans
people from Africa

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62
Q

Why did the colonists fight the British?

A

because of high taxes (taxation without
representation)
because the British army stayed in their
houses (boarding, quartering)
because they didn’t have self-govern-
ment

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63
Q

Who wrote the Declaration of Indepen-
dence?

A

(Thomas) Jefferson

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64
Q

When was the Declaration of Indepen-
dence adopted?

A

July 4, 1776

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65
Q

There were 13 original states. Name

A

New Jersey

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66
Q

three.

A

Pennsylvania

67
Q

What happened at the Constitutional
Convention?

A

The Constitution was written.
The Founding Fathers wrote the Consti-
tution.

68
Q

When was the Constitution written?

A

1787

69
Q

The Federalist Papers supported the
passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name
one of the writers.

A

James Madison
Alexander Hamilton
John Jay
Publius

70
Q

What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is
famous for?

A

first Postmaster General of the United
States
writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac”
started the first free libraries

71
Q

Who is the “Father of Our Country”?

A

George Washington

72
Q

Who was the first President?

A

(George) Washington

73
Q

What territory did the United States buy
from France in 1803?

A

Louisiana
The Louisiana Territory

74
Q

Name one war fought by the United
States in the 1800s.

A

Civil war
War of 1812
Mexican-American war
Spanish-American war

75
Q

Name the U.S. war between the North
and the South.

A

the Civil War
the War between the States

76
Q

Name one problem that led to the Civil
War.

A

slavery
economic reasons
states’ rights

77
Q

What was one important thing that Abra-
ham Lincoln did?*

A

Freed the slaves (Emancipation Procla-
mation)
saved (or preserved) the union
led the United States during Civil war

78
Q

What did the Emancipation Proclama-
tion do?

A

freed the slaves
freed slaves in the Confederacy
freed slaves in the Confederate states
freed slaves in most Southern states

79
Q

What did Susan B. Anthony do?

A

fought for women’s rights
fought for civil rights

80
Q

Name one war fought by the United
States in the 1900s.*

A

World War 1
World War 2
Korean war
Vietnam war
(Persian) Gulf war

81
Q

Who was President during World War I?

A

(Woodrow) Wilson

82
Q

Who did the United States fight in World
War II?

A

Japan, Germany, and Italy

83
Q

Before he was President, Eisenhower
was a general. What war was he in?

A

World War 2

84
Q

During the Cold War, what was the main
concern of the United States?

A

Communism

85
Q

What movement tried to end racial dis-
crimination?

A

civil rights (movement)

86
Q

What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?

A

fought for civil rights
worked for equality for all Americans

87
Q

What major event happened on Septem-
ber 11, 2001, in the United States?

A

Terrorists attacked the United States

88
Q

Name American Indian tribe in the

A

Pueblo

89
Q

one
United States.

A

Apache

90
Q

Name one of the two longest rivers in the
United States.

A

Missouri (river)
Mississippi (River)

91
Q

What ocean is on the West Coast of the
United States?

A

Pacific (ocean)

92
Q

What ocean is on the East Coast of the
United States?

A

Atlantic (ocean)

93
Q

Name one U.S. territory.

A

Puerto Rico
U.S. Virgin Islands
American Samoa
Northern Mariana Islands
Guam

94
Q

Name one state that borders Canada.

A

Michigan

95
Q

Name state that borders Mexico.

A

Arizona

96
Q

one

A

New Mexico

97
Q

What is the capital of the United States?

A

Washington, D.C.

98
Q

Where is the Statue of Liberty?

A

New York (Harbor)
Liberty Island
[Also acceptable are New Jersey, near
New York City, and on the Hudson (Riv-
er).]

99
Q

Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

A

because there were 13 original colonies
because the stripes represent the origi-
nal colonies

100
Q

Why does the flag have 50 stars?

A

because there is one star for each state
because each star represents a state
because there are 50 states

101
Q

What is the name of the national an-
them?

A

The Star-Spangled Banner

102
Q

When do we celebrate Independence
Day?

A

July 4

103
Q

Name two national U.S. holidays.

A

New Year’s Day
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
Presidents’ Day
Memorial Day
Independence Day
Labor Day
Columbus Day
Veterans Day
Thanksgiving
Christmas

104
Q

Brown V. Board of Education

A

1954 case that overturned Separate but
Equal standard of discrimination in edu-
cation.
Her family believed that the segregated
school system violated the 14th Amend-
ment and took their case to court.

105
Q

Dred Scott V. Sanford

A

The case that ruled that slaves were
property and could not sue
Violated the 5th amendment
helped bring on the civil war

106
Q

Gibbons V. Ogden

A

Regulating interstate commerce is a
power reserved to the federal govern-
ment

107
Q

Gideon V. Wainwright

A

a landmark case in United States
Supreme Court history. In the case, the
Supreme Court unanimously ruled that
state courts are required under the Sixth
Amendment of the Constitution to pro-
vide counsel in criminal cases for defen-
dants unable to afford their own attor-
neys.

108
Q

Hazelwood V. Kuhlmeier

A

School newspapers can be censored by
teachers and administrators
The journalism students felt that this cen-
sorship was a direct violation of their First
Amendment rights. The Supreme Court
decided that Principal Reynolds had the
right to such editorial decisions, as he
had “legitimate pedagogical concerns.”

109
Q

Korematsu V. US

A

1944 Supreme Court case where the
Supreme Court upheld the order provid-
ing for the relocation of Japanese Ameri-
cans. It was not until 1988 that Congress
formally apologized and agreed to pay
$20,000 2 each survivor
Korematsu argued that Executive Or-
der 9066 was unconstitutional and that
it violated the Fifth Amendment. The
Fifth Amendmentwas selected over the
Fourteenth Amendment due to the lack
of federal protections in the Fourteenth
Amendment. He was arrested and con-
victed.

110
Q

Mapp V. Ohio

A

Established the exclusionary rule was
applicable to the states (evidence seized
illegally cannot be used in court)
Violation of the 4th amendment

111
Q

Marbury V. Madison

A

This case establishes the Supreme
Court’s power of Judicial Review

112
Q

McCulloch V. Maryland

A

Maryland was trying to tax the national
bank and Supreme Court ruled that fed-
eral law was stronger than the state law

113
Q

Miranda V. Arizona

A

as Supreme Court held that criminal sus-
pects must be informed of their right to
consult with an attorney and of their right
against self-incrimination prior to ques-
tioning by police.

114
Q

New Jersey V. TLO

A

students may be searched without a war-
rant if there is “reasonable ground” for
doing SO.
argued her 4th amendment rights
Case topic: Student search and seizure

115
Q

Plessy V. Ferguson

A

“separate but equal” doctrine supreme
court upheld the constitutionally of jim
crow laws
argued in court that the Act violated the
13th and 14th Amendments

116
Q

Regents of the University of California V.
Bakke

A

A 1978 Supreme Court decision holding
that a state university could not admit
less qualified individuals solely because
of their race.
Violated the 14th amendment

117
Q

Roe V. Wade

A

(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of
a woman’s right to privacy
violated the guarantee of personal liberty
and the right to privacy implicitly guaran-
teed in the First, Fourth, Fifth, Ninth, and
14th Amendments

118
Q

Texas V. Johnson

A

A 1989 case in which the Supreme Court
struck down a law banning the burning
of the American flag on the grounds that
such action was symbolic speech pro-
tected by the First Amendment.

119
Q

Tinker V. Des Moines

A

Students have the right to symbolic
speech at school as long as it is not dis-
ruptive, protected but he 1st amendment

120
Q

United States V. Nixon

A

U.S. Supreme Court case that limited ex-
ecutive privilege

121
Q

Engel V. Vitale

A

banned formal prayer in schools, no “of-
ficial” religion

122
Q

Wisconsin V. Yoder

A

Amish do not have to attend school after
8th grade - right to freedom of religion

123
Q

New York Times V. US

A

The President argues that the publication
of the Pentagon Papers is in violation of
executive privilege.
- Defended right of free press

124
Q

Schneck V. US

A

established the ‘clear and present dan-
ger’ test (1st amendment)

125
Q

McDonald V. Chicago

A

Incorporated the 2nd Amendment right
to bear arms to the state and local gov-
ernment

126
Q

Citizens United V. FEC

A

corporate funding of independent politi-
cal broadcasts can’t be limited

127
Q

Baker V. Carr

A

case that est. one man one vote. this de-
cision created guidelines for drawing up
congressional districts and guaranteed a
more equitable system of representation
to the citizens of each state

128
Q

Shaw V. Reno

A

NO racial gerrymandering; race cannot
be the sole or predominant factor in re-
drawing legislative boundaries; majori-
ty-minority districts.

129
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries;
it declared the United States as a free
state.

130
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

Functions of national government

131
Q

Brutus No. 1

A

dition, he objected to Congress’s power
to tax and raise a standing army and to
the vast size of the proposed republic. He
felt this powerful new government would
supplant the states.

132
Q

Constitution

A

A document which spells out the princi-
ples by which a government runs and the
fundamental laws that govern a society

133
Q

Federalist No. 10

A

An essay composed by James Madi-
son which argues that liberty is safest
in a large republic because many in-
terests (factions) exist. Such diversity
makes tyranny by the majority more diffi-
cult since ruling coalitions will always be
unstable.

134
Q

Federalist No. 51 (1788)

A

An essay written by James Madison
that explained how the structure of the
new government under the Constitution
would provide the necessary checks and
balances to keep the government from
becoming too powerful.

135
Q

Federalist No. 70

A

Hamilton argues that a strong executive
is essential in the new government.

136
Q

Federalist No. 78

A

argument by Alexander Hamilton that
the federal judiciary would be unlikely
to infringe upon rights and liberties but
would serve as a check on the other two
branches

137
Q

Letter from Birmingham Jail

A

Letters written by MLK encouraging
non-violent protest against segregation
to break unjust laws

138
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Right to bear arms

139
Q

3rd Amendment

A

No quartering of troops

140
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protection against Unreasonable Search
and Seizure

141
Q

5th Amendment

A

Criminal Proceedings; Due Process; Em-
inent Domain; Double Jeopardy; Protec-
tion from Self incrimination

142
Q

6th Amendment

A

The right to a Speedy Trial by jury, repre-
sentation by an attorney for an accused
person

143
Q

7th Amendment

A

Right to jury in civil trials.

144
Q

8th Amendment

A

No cruel or unusual punishment

145
Q

9th Amendment

A

Citizens entitled to rights not listed in the
Constitution, Unenumerated Rights

146
Q

10th Amendment

A

Powers not given to federal government
go to people and States

147
Q

11th Amendment

A

One State cannot be sued by another
state

148
Q

12th Amendment

A

separation of votes for President and
Vice President

149
Q

13th Amendment (1865)

A

Abolishes and prohibits slavery

150
Q

14th Amendment

A

Declares that all persons born in the U.S.
are citizens and are guaranteed equal
protection of the laws

151
Q

15th Amendment (1870)

A

U.S. cannot prevent a person from voting
because of race, color, or creed

152
Q

16th Amendment

A

Allows the federal government to collect
income tax

153
Q

17th Amendment

A

Direct election of senators

154
Q

18th Amendment

A

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and
distribution of alcoholic beverages

155
Q

19th Amendment

A

Gave women the right to vote

156
Q

20th Amendment

A

(FDR) , change of dates for start of pres-
idential/congressional terms

157
Q

21st Amendment

A

Amendment which ended the Prohibition
of alcohol in the US, repealing the 18th
amendment

158
Q

22nd Amendment

A

Limits the president to two terms.

159
Q

23rd Amendment

A

gave residents of Washington DC the
right to vote

160
Q

24th Amendment

A

Abolishes poll taxes

161
Q

25th Amendment

A

(1) Succession of VP if president dies
or become incapable to do his job.(2) if
there is no VP, president must appoint
one, and congress must approve

162
Q

26th Amendment

A

Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18

163
Q

27th Amendment

A

Limits the power of Congress to increase
its own salaries

FCLE EXAM (3 decks)

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