fc Flashcards
Organizing
Definition:
The deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals; engineering a stucture with smooth tranistion to success
Organization structure
Definition:
The framework in which an organization defines how tasks are divided, resources are deployed, and departments are coordinated.
Division of labor
Definition:
The degree to which organizational tasks are subdivided into separate jobs. Also called work specialization.
chain of command
Definition:
An unbroken line of authority that links all individuals in the organization and specifies who reports to whom
Authority
Definition:
The formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions, issue orders, and allocate resources to achieve outcomes desired by the organization.
Responsibility
Definition:
The duty to perform the task or activity that one has been assigned.
span of management
Definition:
The number of employees reporting to a supervisor; sometimes called span of control.
tall structure
Definition:
An organizational structure characterized by an overall narrow span of management and a relatively large number of hierarchical levels.
flat structur
Definition:
An organizational structure characterized by an overall broad span of management and relatively few hierarchical levels.
cross-functional teams
Definition:
A group of employees from various functional departments that meet as a team to resolve mutual problems.
permanent teams
Definition:
A group of employees from all functional areas permanently assigned to focus on a specific task or activity.
team-based structure
Definition:
A structure in which an entire organization is made up of horizontal teams that coordinate their activities and work directly with customers to accomplish organizational goals.
relational coordination
Definition:
Frequent horizontal coordination and communication carried out through ongoing relationships of shared goals, shared knowledge, and mutual respect.
technical complexity
Definition:
The degree to which complex machinery is involved in the production process to the exclusion of people.
Service technology
Definition:
Characterized by intangible outputs and direct contact between employees and customers.
normative
Definition:
Means that it defines how a manager should make logical decisions and provides guidelines for reaching an ideal outcome.
what is the normal
Satisficing
Definition:
Refers to choosing the first alternative that satisfies minimal decision criteria, regardless of whether better solutions are presumed to exist.
Intuition
Definition:
An aspect of administrative decision making that refers to a quick comprehension of a decision situation based on past experience but without conscious thought.
quasirationality
Definition:
Combining intuitive and analytical thought.
coalition
Definition:
An informal alliance among managers who support a specific goal or solution.
Evidence-based decision making
Definition:
A process founded on a commitment to examining potential biases, seeking and examining evidence with rigor, and making informed and intelligent decisions based on the best available facts and evidence.
sunk cost effect
Definition:
The tendency to continue investing in a failing project in the hope of turning it around.
point–counterpoint
Definition:
A technique that breaks a decision-making group into two subgroups and assigns them different, often competing, responsibilities.
Groupthink
Definition:
The tendency of people in groups to suppress contrary opinions in a desire for harmony.
escalating commitment
Definition:
Refers to continuing to invest time and money in a decision despite evidence that it is failing.
after-action review
Definition:
A disciplined procedure whereby managers review the results of decisions to evaluate what worked, what didn’t, and how to do things better.
Risk propensity
Definition:
The willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity of gaining an increased payoff.v
Business-level strategy
Definition:
Pertains to each business unit or product line within the organization.
Functional-level strategy
Definition:
Pertains to the major functional departments within each business unit, such as manufacturing, marketing, and research and development (R&D).
SWOT analysis
Definition:
An audit or careful examination of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that affect organizational performance.
strategic business units (SBUs)
Definition:
A division of the organization that has a unique business, mission, product or service line, competitors, and markets relative to other units of the same organization
Portfolio strategy
Definition:
Pertains to the mix of strategic business unit (SBUs) and product lines that fit together in a logical way to provide synergy and competitive advantage.
BCG matrix
Definition:
A concept developed by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) that evaluates strategic business units with respect to two dimensions— business growth rate and market share—and classifies them as cash cows, stars, question marks, or dogs.
embeddedness
Definition:
A situation in which there is a deep understanding and acceptance of organizational direction and purpose throughout the organization.
Key performance indicators (KPIs)
Definition:
A tool used to assess what is important to an organization and how well the organization is progressing toward attaining its strategic goal, so that managers can establish lower-level goals that drive performance toward the overall strategic objective.
Management by objectives (MBO)
Definition:
A method whereby managers and employees define goals for every department, project, and person and use them to monitor subsequent performance.
management by means (MBM)
Definition:
An approach that focuses people on the methods and processes used to attain results, rather than on the results themselves.
locus of control
Definition:
Defines whether an individual places the primary responsibility for his successes and failures within himself or on outside forces.