FBLA Intro to Business Communications Flashcards
What are the eight parts of speech?
The eight parts of speech are nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.
What is the difference between adverbs and adjectives?
Adjectives modify nouns, while adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
What are the categories of pronouns?
Categories of pronouns include personal, possessive, reflexive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, and indefinite.
What are reflexive pronouns used for?
Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of the sentence.
What are the features of prepositions?
Prepositions show relationships between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence.
What are the types of conjunctions?
The types of conjunctions are coordinating, subordinating, and correlative.
What is subject-verb agreement?
A verb must agree in number with its subject.
What are the types of verbs?
Types of verbs include action verbs, linking verbs, and auxiliary verbs.
What are the six tenses of verbs?
The six tenses are present, past, future, present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect.
What are irregular verbs?
Irregular verbs do not follow standard conjugation patterns.
What is the difference between transitive and intransitive verbs?
Transitive verbs require a direct object, while intransitive verbs do not.
What elements should be identified in sentences?
Identify subjects, predicates, verbs, adverbs, pronouns, direct and indirect objects, and phrases.
How should pronouns be used in sentences?
Select and use pronouns correctly according to their antecedents.
How is a possessive noun used?
A possessive noun shows ownership.
How do you create the plural form of a noun?
Typically, add ‘s’ or ‘es’ to the noun.
What are misplaced and dangling modifiers?
Misplaced modifiers are incorrectly positioned, while dangling modifiers lack a clear subject.
What are the four kinds of sentences?
The four kinds of sentences are declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory.
What are sentence fragments and run-on sentences?
Sentence fragments are incomplete sentences, while run-on sentences improperly combine two or more independent clauses.
What are common grammar issues?
Common issues include completeness, agreement, reference, and form.
What are different sentence patterns?
Sentence patterns include simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex.
What should be incorporated in writing?
Incorporate correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
What is the appropriate use of periods, question marks, and exclamation points?
Use periods for statements, question marks for questions, and exclamation points for strong emotions.
What is the use of commas, colons, and semicolons?
Commas separate items, colons introduce lists, and semicolons connect related independent clauses.
What are common punctuation problems?
Common problems include misuse of commas, semicolons, and apostrophes.
How are apostrophes used?
Apostrophes indicate contractions and possessive forms.
How are quotation marks used?
Quotation marks set off direct speech and titles of short works.
What are the rules for special punctuation marks?
Special punctuation marks include dashes, hyphens, and parentheses.
What are ellipsis, italics, and underlining used for?
They emphasize text or indicate omitted material.
How should capitalization be applied?
Capitalize sentences, proper nouns, abbreviations, adjectives, and titles.
How should numbers be written in a sentence?
Follow standard practices for writing numbers.
What is the ability to spell correctly?
It involves spelling words regularly used in writing.
How can a dictionary and thesaurus aid in spelling?
They provide spelling, pronunciation, and meaning assistance.
What are prefixes and suffixes?
Prefixes are added to the beginning of words, while suffixes are added to the end.
What are plural spelling rules?
Rules for forming plurals vary based on the word’s ending.
What are spelling rules for homonyms?
Apply rules to commonly confused words like ‘effect’ and ‘affect.’
What are silent letters?
Silent letters are not pronounced in words.
What are letter patterns in words?
Recognizing patterns helps with spelling and pronunciation.
What are common spelling rules?
Rules include ‘i before e’ and silent ‘e’ endings.
What is proofreading?
Proofreading involves checking for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors.
What are proofreader’s marks?
Marks used to indicate corrections in written communications.
What is the purpose of comparing drafts to final documents?
To make necessary editorial changes.
What should be ensured in business documents?
Documents should be clear, correct, concise, complete, consistent, and courteous.
What should be reviewed in writing?
Review sentence structure and writing style.
What should be edited for effectiveness?
Edit word choices for clarity and impact.
How can meanings of words be deduced?
Use context and knowledge of word roots.
How does word selection affect communication?
It influences clarity, tone, and understanding.
What are slang, jargon, and clichés?
Slang is informal language, jargon is specialized terminology, and clichés are overused expressions.
What are common errors in word usage?
Errors include misusing words or using them in the wrong context.
What is proper sentence structure?
A sentence must have a subject and a predicate.
How should words be divided?
Divide words according to syllable structure.
What are homophones?
Homophones are words that sound the same but have different meanings.
How can new words be created?
Combine root words with prefixes or suffixes.
How can a dictionary and thesaurus aid in language use?
They assist with spelling, pronunciation, and meaning.
How can contextual clues help with word meaning?
Contextual clues provide hints about a word’s meaning.
What is bias-free language?
Language that avoids discrimination based on gender, race, religion, etc.
What is sensitivity to audience needs?
Understanding and addressing the preferences of the audience.
What is the difference between pronunciation and enunciation?
Pronunciation is how words are spoken; enunciation is clarity in speech.
How should words be chosen in verbal communication?
Choose words that are appropriate and clear.
What is a clear description of a system or process?
Provide concise and straightforward directions.
What are proper techniques for oral presentations?
Use clear speech, engage the audience, and organize content.
How should opinions be expressed?
Express opinions positively and tactfully.
What are major listening barriers?
Barriers include distractions, biases, and preconceived notions.
What are effective active listening techniques?
Techniques include summarizing, asking questions, and providing feedback.
How should questions be asked for clarification?
Ask open-ended questions to gain more information.
What are nonverbal cues?
Nonverbal cues are body language and facial expressions that convey messages.
How should spoken directions be followed?
Listen carefully and execute the instructions given.
What is objective listening?
Listening without bias and focusing on the speaker’s message.
What is reading comprehension?
The ability to understand and interpret written text.
How should directions be read and followed?
Read carefully and execute the steps as instructed.
What is summarizing in reading comprehension?
Restating the main points in one’s own words.
What is the difference between fact and opinion?
Facts are verifiable statements; opinions are personal beliefs.
What types of texts exist?
Texts can be descriptive, informative, instructional, or persuasive.
How should important points of a document be summarized?
Identify and condense the key information.
What are enhancements in documents?
Enhancements include graphs, charts, tables, and illustrations.
How should information be interpreted from various sources?
Analyze content from articles, manuals, etc.
What is the appropriate reading method for a situation?
Select methods like skimming, scanning, or in-depth reading based on purpose.
What factors affect text readability?
Factors include sentence length, word selection, and type size.
What reading skills are needed in the workplace?
Skills include reading for information, summarization, and following directions.
How should the quality and reliability of sources be evaluated?
Assess the credibility and accuracy of the information.
How should information presented in various formats be analyzed?
Analyze tables, lists, and figures for clarity and relevance.
What are note-taking skills?
Skills that incorporate critical listening and reading techniques.
