Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EPALS > FB > Flashcards

FB Flashcards

1
Q

Check first

A

Cogh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If no cough and unconsciousness

A

Open airway
Rescue breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If no cough and conscious

A

Infant -5 back blow and chest trusts
Child -5 back blow and abdo thrusts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Back blows position

A

Head down and prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ratio of chest compression

A

15:20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rate chest compression

A

100-120

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Depth chest comp

A

4cm infants
5cm children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sites of Io

A

Proximal tibia
Distal Tibia
Distal femur
Prix humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fluid boils

A

10ml/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Glucose solution

A

2ml/kg of 10%
2.5ml/kg in newborn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When to consider blood replacement

A

2xgluid blouses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Adrenaline indications

A

Arrest
Hr<60
Dose 10mcg/kg of 1:10000
Septic shock
Anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mechanism of adrenaline

A

Alfa and beta adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Avoid adrenaline with

A

Sodium bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Half life of adrenaline

A

2m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Indications amiodarone

A

VF or pVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dose amiodaro e

A

5mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Side effect amiodaro me

A

Hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Adenosine indication

A

SVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dose adenosine

A

Neonates to 11 months -150mcg/kg max doe 300/500
1-11yrs- 100mcg/kg max 500
12-17yts- 3mg then 6 then 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sodium bicarbonate indication

A

Acidaemia
Consider if prolonged arrests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sodium bicarbonate dose

A

1mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Administration of calcium associated with

A

Increased mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Dose for naloxone

A

Under 5 100mcg/kg
Over 5 2mg
Every 3m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Indication of mag

A

Low mag
Torsade de pointes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Mechanism of salbutamol

A

Beta 2 agosnit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Fise of IV salbutamol

A

1-23 month 5mcr/kg
2-17 yrs 15mcg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Indication for atropine

A

Bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bradycardia and tachycardia <1

A

80
180

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Bradycardia and tachycardia <1

A

80
180

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Bradycardia and tachycardia >1

A

60
160

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

First thing to do in Brady child

A

Airway opening
100% oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Cardioversion energy level

A

1J/kg
2J/kg second shock
Increase to 4 under specialist advice and consider amiodarone if second shock fails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Adenosine side effects

A

Bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Hr rate difference in Tachycardia and SVT

A

Infant tachycardia <220
Child tachycardia <180
SVT will be above these

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Incidence of shockable rhythm in in hospital arrests

A

27%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Positions of pads

A

Bracket the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Position of pads in infant

A

Anterior posterior
Lower half of chest and between scapulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Energy dose in defibrillation

A

4J/kg for all shocks
Consider escalation after 6th shock
Dose up to 8J/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Most common rhythms in children

A

Non shockable PEA, asystole, profound bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Most common rhythms in children

A

Non shockable PEA, asystole, profound bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Shockable rhythms common in children with

A

Underlying heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Where to feel pulses

A

Infant brachial
Child carotid (>1yr)
Both femoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Dose of adrenaline and amiodarone in arrest

A

10mcr/kg
5mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

How often to give adrenaline

A

Ever 3/5m (every other cycle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

How often to give adrenaline

A

Ever 3/5m (every other cycle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

How often give amiodarone

A

3rd and 5th shocks

48
Q

If using AES in child <8 give attenuated shock of

A

50-75J if possible

49
Q

4H and T

A

Hypovolaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Hypothermia
Hypoxia
Toxins
Tension
Tamponade
Thrombus

50
Q

Complication of BMV

A

Gastric distention
Manage with gastric tube

51
Q

Causes of sudden deterioration in intubated patient

A

DOPES
Displacement of tube
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment failure
Stomach distention

52
Q

Urine output target

A

> 1ml/kg/h in child
2ml/kg/h in infant

53
Q

Hb target

54
Q

Clinical features of croup

A

Inspiratore stridor
Barking cough
Hoarseness
Resp distress

55
Q

Common pathogen of croup

A

Parainfluenza
RSV
Adenovirus

56
Q

Management of croup

A

Oral dexamethasone one to two doses
Neb adrenaline (3-5ml of 1:1000) if resp distress
Neb steroid as budesonide if unable to take oral
Intubation can be required if exhaustion

57
Q

Causes of epiglottitis

A

Haemophilus influenzae B

58
Q

CF of epiglottitis

A

Drooling lethargic
High fever and pale

59
Q

When to consider bacterial tracheitis

A

Upper airway obstruction not responsive to croup management

60
Q

Management of tracheitis

A

Abx for staph and strep

61
Q

Cause of bronchiolitis

A

RSV 75%
Parainfluenza
Influenza
Adenoviruses

62
Q

CF of bronchiolitis

A

1/3 days of cough
High RR
Wheeze
Crackles

63
Q

When does bronchiolitis occur

A

Autumn and winter

64
Q

Common age of bronchiolitis

A

1-9months 90%
Rare after 1 year

65
Q

RF for severe bronchiolitis

A

Congenital heart disease
Premature
Less than 3m
Chronic lung disease
Immunodeficiency

66
Q

Management bronchiolitis

A

Supportive
NIV required if resp failure

67
Q

Indication of hospital admission

A

Poor oral fluid intake (50-75%)
Apnoea
Oxygen sta <92 ORA
Resp distress - gruntin, chest recession, RR >70

68
Q

How often is mechanical ventilation required in bronchiolitis

69
Q

Dose of neb salbutamol in asthma

A

2.5-5mg every 20m

70
Q

Dose of ipratropium

71
Q

Oral steroid dose pred

A

20mg for 2-5
30/40mg for >5

72
Q

What to consider in asthma if no response to bronchodilators and steroid

A

Magn and aminophylline

73
Q

What steroid to give in asthma if vomiting and dose

A

Hydrocortisone 4mg/kg every 4hrs

74
Q

Adrenaline IM anaphylaxis doses

A

<6m 100-150mcg 1:1000 (0.1-0.15ml of 1mg ml)
6m-6yr 150mcg (0.15ml of 1mg ml)
6-12yt 300mcg (0.3ml of 1mg ml)
>12 500mcg (0.5ml of 1mg ml)

75
Q

How often given adrenaline

A

Every 5m if no resolution

76
Q

How to keep open PDA

A

Prostaglandin infusion

77
Q

Dose of antiepileptic

A

Lorazepam 0.1mg/kg IV/IO
Midazolam 0.15 mg/kgIV/IO
Midaz 0.3 mg/kg buccal or intranasal

78
Q

Side effect of rapid phenytoin

A

Bradycardia or asystole

79
Q

5% degree of dehydration

A

Ph 7.2-7.29 or bicarbonate <15 = mild DKA
Ph 7.1-7.19 or bicarbonate <10 = moderate DKA

80
Q

10% degree of dehydration

A

Ph <7.1 or bicarbonate <5 = severe DKA

81
Q

Calculate fluid deficient

A

Degree of dehydration x weight x 10

82
Q

Fluid requirement over 48hr

A

Maintenance fluid for 48hr + (fluid deficit-initial fluid given)

83
Q

Maintenance fluid calculation

A

4ml/kg/hr for first 10
2ml/kg/hr for second 20 (11-20)
1ml/kg/hr for each kg above 20 up to 75kg max

84
Q

Main cause of hyponatraemia in children

85
Q

Dose of sodium for replacement

A

3ml/kg of 3% sodium chloride over 20m
Rate of change no more than 0.5mmol/l/h

86
Q

Management of hyperkalaemia

A

Calcium gluconate or chloride IV
Insuline dextrose infusion and salbutamol never
Diuretics
Calcium resonium (slow)

87
Q

Management high calcium

A

Fluids: twice calculate basic daily fluid requirement

88
Q

Percentage of blunt trauma in UK

A

80%
2/3 of life threatening due to brain injury

89
Q

Triad that increases mortality in trauma

A

Acidosis
Hyperthermia
Coagulopathy

90
Q

What is SCIWORA

A

Spinal cord injury without radiological abnormalities

91
Q

How to assess for internal bleeding

A

USS evidence of free fluid
Contrast Ct

92
Q

Total circulating volume in child

93
Q

At what point does BP drop

A

> 40% loss
Not useful to initiate or guide treatment

94
Q

Tranexamic acids dose

A

15mg/kg loading
2mg/kg/h infusion

95
Q

Unilateral dilated pupil

A

Intracranial bleeding or raised ICP

96
Q

Percentage of brain injury responsible for death

97
Q

Signs of tension pneumothorax

A

Hypoxia
Absent or decreased breath sounds
Resonant to percussion
Neck vein distention
Tracheal deviation away from side

98
Q

Management of tension

A

Needle thiracicentesis - cannula in 2nd intercostal space mid clavicular line
Chest drain

99
Q

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia most common which side

100
Q

Landmark for chest drain insertion

A

4/5th intercostal in mid axillary line

101
Q

Imaging for spinal injury

A

MRI especially is SCIWORA suspected

102
Q

Epidermal burn

A

Pain with erythema and no blister
Heal in 7 days

103
Q

Superficial partial thickness

A

Epidermis and superficial dermis
Blister and pale pink
Very painful
Heal in 2/3 wks

104
Q

Deep partial thickness

A

Epidermis and dermis
Dry/moist skin
Blothciness with blisters
Decreased CRT
May or not be painful
Heals >3wks

105
Q

Full thickness burns

A

Epidermis dermis and subcutaneous tissues and structures
White in appearance with no CRT
Manage with surgical debridement and grafting

106
Q

Calculate burn area

A

Child’s palm = 1%

107
Q

Burns of 10% or more require fluid through Parkland formula

A

% burn x body weight x 4ml/day
Half in first 8hr
Half in next 16hrs

108
Q

Drowning management

A

Open airway
Rescue breath
Chest compressions

109
Q

Hypothermia

A

Temp <35
High risk due to high body surface to weight ratio

110
Q

What to do with newborn baby

A

Delay clamping cord if possible
Keep WARM
Assess- color, tone, breathing, HR

111
Q

How long should you wait to clamp cord

A

60s at least

112
Q

Heart rate morning in newborn

A

<100 without effective breathing = immediate inertvention with assessment every 30s

113
Q

Acceptable says in newborn

A

2m 65
5m 85
10m 90

114
Q

Signs of significant hypoxia in newborn

A

Apnoea
Low or absent HR
Pallor
Floppy

115
Q

Newborn baby should be put in which position for airway management

A

Neutral
Jaw thrust can be done

116
Q

Ho to perform inflation breaths

A

5 slow breaths over 2/3 sec in air
Check HT after 5 breaths to see increase >100

117
Q

What to do after first 5 inflation

A

If HR raising and breathing = continue at 30/m until regular breathing
If no HT raise = give other 5 and check after, if ongoing nil response give oxygen and chest compressions after 30s of ventilation breaths

EPALS (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions