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Biochemistry II Exam III > Fatty Acid Degradation > Flashcards

Fatty Acid Degradation Flashcards

1
Q

Which essential FA’s cannot be synthesized by the body?

A

Linoleic acid & Alpha- linolenic acid

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2
Q

18:2omega3

A

Linoleic Acid

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3
Q

18:3omega3

A

alpha-linolenic acid

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4
Q

20:4omega6

A

Arachidonic acid (ARA)

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5
Q

20:5omega3

A

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)

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6
Q

22:6omega3

A

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

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7
Q

16:0

A

Palmitic acid

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8
Q

18:0

A

Stearic Acid

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9
Q

18:1omega9

A

Oleic Acid

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10
Q

Where do we store the tracylglycerol’s?

A

Lipid Droplets (AKA: fat globules, oil bodies, lipid particles, adiposomes)

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11
Q

What is known as the “gate-keeper”?

A

Perilipin

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12
Q

Where is Perilipin located?

A

the surface of a lipid droplet

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13
Q

Where do we get the fats we require?

A

Diet, storage, synthesized from carbs in the liver, & cell organelles

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14
Q

Name a few organs supplied by TAG’s

A

Liver, heart, resting skeletal muscle

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15
Q

What is a mix of bile salt and TG’s?

A

Micelles

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16
Q

Where are bile salts stored?

A

gallbladder

17
Q

Where and from what are bile salts produced?

A

From cholesterol in the liver

18
Q

Medium chain FA bind with what before being transported to the liver?

A

Albumin

19
Q

Another name for lipoprotein complex?

A

Chylomicron

20
Q

What is formed when LCFA are added to DAG and MAG?

A

TAG

21
Q

What are lipid-binding proteins located in the blood?

A

Apolipoproteins

22
Q

What delivers the TG to muscle and adipose tissue?

A

Chylomicrons

23
Q

ApoC-II stimulates what enzyme in order to hydrolyze the TG into a FFA’s and glycerol?

A

Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL)

24
Q

What will exercise do the the skeletal muscle LPL?

A

Increase

25
Q

What will reduced activity do to LPL?

A

Decrease

26
Q

What are TG’s in muscle used for?

A

Energy

27
Q

What are TG’s in adipose used for?

A

Storage

28
Q

Left over TG’s can be used for?

A

Energy, precursor to ketogenesis, and re-packed into VLDL

29
Q

What degrades TG’s?

A

Intestinal lipases

30
Q

To get TG to DG + FFA what enzyme is added?

A

Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)

31
Q

To get DG to MG + FFA what enzyme is added?

A

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL)

32
Q

To get MG to Glycerol + FFA what enzyme is added?

A

Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL)

33
Q

ATGL is stimulated by?

A

Glucocorticoids, epinephrine, & fasting

34
Q

ATGL is inhibited by?

A

Insulin & food intake

35
Q

What is the Key Regulatory Step for Intracellular lipolysis?

A

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL)

36
Q

HSL is stimulated by?

A

Beta-adrenergic and glucagon

37
Q

HSL is inhibited by?

A

Insulin

Biochemistry II Exam III (2 decks)

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