Fats

Question 1

What is Fat?

Answer 1

Macronutrient that is need by all animals.

Question 2

What is a macronutrient?

Answer 2

A chemical element required in large amounts for growth.

Question 3

Are saturated fats solid or liquid at room temp?

Answer 3

Solid. For example, butter.

Question 4

Are non-saturated fats solid or liquid at room temp?

Answer 4

Liquid. They are oils. For example, vegetable oil.

Question 5

Do fats provide any energy for the body?

Answer 5

Yes.

Question 6

What fat-soluble vitamins does fat provide?

Answer 6

Vitamins A, D, E and K.

Question 7

How many calories does one gram of fat provide?

Answer 7

9 kcal (calories).

Question 8

What foods contain a lot of energy?

Answer 8

Foods that contain a lot of fat.

Question 9

What is fat made up of?

Answer 9

Different types of fatty acids and glycerol which form triglycerides.

Question 10

What does the structure of fatty acids determine?

Answer 10

• Their effect on our health.

* Their characteristics, e.g. their melting points.

Question 11

What is monounsaturated?

Answer 11

Saturated Fats.

Question 12

What is polyunsaturated?

Answer 12

Non-saturated fats.

Question 13

What are unsaturated fats associated with?

Answer 13

Lower level of blood cholesterol and reduces the risk of heart disease.

Question 14

What are essential fatty acids?

Answer 14

They are acids that are needed in the body since the body cannot make them. They are found in oily fish, plant seeds, eggs and fresh meat.

Question 15

Give an example of a fatty acid?

Answer 15

• Omega 3 - helps protect heart, found in oily fish, seeds and leafy green veg.
• Omega 6 - helps lower cholesterol, found in veg, grains, seeds and poultry.

Question 16

Give three examples of saturated fats?

Answer 16

• Lard
• Butter
• Margarine

Question 17

Give three examples of unsaturated fats?

Answer 17

• Sunflower oil
• Vegetable oil
• Rapeseed oil
• Coconut oil

Question 18

What does plasticity mean?

Answer 18

The ability for fat to be spreadable/ change shape.

Question 19

Why can fat be spreadable?

Answer 19

Due to the chemical structure of the fat.

Question 20

What fats have high saturated fat levels?

Answer 20

Butter, lard, suet. Low plasticity, solid at room temp.

Question 21

Why does margarine contain more oils than butter?

Answer 21

To make it spreadable.

Question 22

What does shortcrust pastry, biscuits and shortbread rely on?

Answer 22

Fat to give them their crumby texture.

Question 23

What do fats do in shortening?

Answer 23

Coat flour particle to prevent water being absorbed. This reduces the formation of gluten. The short gluten molecules prevent the pastry from becoming stretchy.

Question 24

What fats are suitable for shortening?

Answer 24

Pure vegetable fats or lard.

Question 25

What temperature do fats melt at?

Answer 25

Fats melt over a range of temperatures not a fixed one. This property is called plasticity which gives fats all unique characteristics.

Question 26

What happens to fats when the spoil?

Answer 26

They become rancid.

Question 27

How is rancidity caused?

Answer 27

By the process of oxidation which can be accelerated by heat and light.

Question 28

What’s the difference between saturated fats and non-saturated fats?

Answer 28

Non saturated fats come from plants and are liquid at room tell. Saturated fats are from animals and are solid at room temp.

Question 29

How do fats practice aeration?

Answer 29

Fats trap air when they are beaten. This is from the plasticity which helps to raise the cake.

Question 30

Is fat a raising agent?

Answer 30

NO.

Question 31

What is emulsification?

Answer 31

Where oil is added to water or vice versa. For example, mayonnaise or salad dressings.

Question 32

How much of you’re daily food energy should come from fats?

Answer 32

35% An average adult should have 70g if fat per day and 20g of that can be saturated.

Question 33

What does fat deficiency do?

Answer 33

Not enough fats prevent other vitamins such as A, D, E and K from being absorbed as well.

Question 34

What does a lack of carbs mean?

Answer 34

The fat in your body is used for energy.