Fats

Question 1

Fats and oils are a mixture of what?

Answer 1

Tryglycerides = 3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol

Question 2

What are three differences between unsaturated and saturated fats?

Answer 2

1. saturated = contain all hydrogen atoms
   unsaturated = missing some atoms
2. saturated = animal fats
    unsaturated = non-animal fats
3. saturated = solid at room temp
    unsaturated = liquid at room temp

Question 3

Name five examples of saturated fats

Answer 3

1. butter
2. fat on meat
3. cakes and pastries
4. yoghurt
5. milk

Question 4

Name five examples of unsaturated fats

Answer 4

1. olives
2. oil (including fish oil)
3. nuts
4. avocado
5. seeds

Question 5

How are oils hardened to form margarine and cooking fats?

Answer 5

The unsaturated fats are bombarded with hydrogen atoms to saturate them (hydrogenation). This results in trans fats which is not good for blood cholesterol.

Question 6

How much energy is provided by 1g of fat?

Answer 6

37kj (9kcal)

- more than double provided by carbs and protein

Question 7

What vitamins do fats carry?

Answer 7

Vitamin A, D, E, K

Question 8

What are the benefits of fat in diet?

Answer 8

• contain the essential fatty acids
• protect vital organs
• insulator in formation of adipose tissue

Question 9

What are linolec and linolenic acids?

Answer 9

Essential for brain development (breast milk amongst others)

Question 10

What is Omega 3 and Omega 6?

Answer 10

• Found in fish oils

- lower blood cholesterol

Question 11

What is the recommended amounts of fat a day for women?

Answer 11

No more than 76g

depends on activity and calorie intake

Question 12

What is the recommended amount of fat a day for a man?

Answer 12

No more than 100g

depends on activty and calorie intake

Question 13

What is the percentage of total calorie intake and fat to be consumed

Answer 13

35% of total calorie intake

No more than 11% should come from saturated fats

Question 14

What are the risks when consuming a high saturated fat diet?

Answer 14

Increased risk of colon cancer, heart roblems, obesity, stroke and higher cholesterol.

Question 15

How can you consume less saturated fat

three examples

Answer 15

• use low fat alternatives
• use meat with less fat (e.g skinless chicken, cut fat from meat)
• grill/oven bake > frying

Question 16

What are the effects of creaming?

Answer 16

Adds air bubbles, lighter colour, increases in volume by whisking fat and sugar.

Question 17

What are the effects of frying?

Answer 17

Fast, not healthy, crisps, browns, adds flavour

Question 18

What are the effects of shortening?

Answer 18

Increases crumbly texture,stops formation of gluten by coating the flour and preventing water making the flour stretchy