Fates of pyruvate Flashcards
What is pyruvate converted to under aerobic conditions?
-acetyl-Co A
-oxidative process
What is pyruvate converted to under anaerobic conditions?
-lactate or ethanol
-reductive process
What are the five possible outcomes of pyruvate?
-Acetyl Co-A
-Lactate
-Alanine
-Ethanol
-Oxaloacetate
Which fate of pyruvate is not carried out by humans but is in bacteria?
-ethanol
Where is pyruvate dehydrogenase located in the cell?
mitochondrial matrix
What is the name of E1 of pyruvate dehydrogenase and what is its primary function?
-pyruvate dehydrogenase
-cut C off pyruvate to make CO2 and attach the 2C left to TPP
What is the name of E2 of pyruvate dehydrogenase and what does it do?
-dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
-make acetyl Co-A using acyl lipolysine tether
What is the name of E3 of pyruvate dehydrogenase and what does it do?
-dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
-make FADH2 so that NADH/H+ can be made
Is pyruvate dehydrogenase committed or uncommitted and what is the generated?
-committed
-1 NADH/H+ and 1 CO2
What is the overview of the mechanism of pyruvate dehydrogenase?
pyruvate enters E1 -> 1 C leaves as CO2 -> 2C carbon now -> covalently attaches to TPP in E1 -> passed to active site of E2 -> OH oxidized into carboxyl -> attaches to acyl lipoyl-lysine -> leaves acyl lipo-lysine to attach to CoA-SH -> leaves as Acetyl CoA -> now reduced lipolysine gives its H’s to FAD in E3 -> FADH2 -> gets reduced to give NAD+ H’s to make NADH/H+
How can you make an amino acid using a keto acid?
keto acid + amino group = amino acid
What is a biological tether?
-a leash for small molecules
-common for 1-2C
-long chain and a small group can be added to it
What is phosphatase regulated by?
-insulin
-AMP
-ATP
-PEP
-NADH
-Acetyl-CoA
What activates E1?
-dephosphorylation by pyruvate dehy. phosphatase
-insulin
-PEP
-AMP
-Ca2+
What inhibits E1?
-NADH
-Acetyl-CoA
-ATP
-phosphorylation by pyruvate dehy. kinase
