Fat Soluble Vitamins Flashcards
What are dietary sources of Vitamin A?
from retinol esters in animal sources and beta carotene (pro-vitamin A) in plant sources
- carrots, cantaloupe, broccoli, eggs, milk
What are dietary sources of Vitamin D?
milk and sunshine
What are dietary sources of Vitamin K1?
green veggies like broccoli, spinach, and asparagus
What are dietary sources of Vitamin K2?
gut micro-flora in the large intestine
What are dietary sources of Vitamin E?
nuts/seeds, salmon
What is the role of Vitamin A?
- essential to vision, promotes healthy surface linings of eyes, respiratory, urinary, and intestinal tracts
- effective anti-oxidant
- control lipid per oxidation
- cell differentiation
What disorders are associated with Vitamin A deficiency?
- night blindness
- Xerophthalmia - dry eyes and inability to produce tears
- Keratomalacia - softening of the cornea
- Bitot’s spots- abnormal surface of the eye
What sort of issues are associated with too much Vitamin A?
hypervitaminosis A
- Acutely: nausea/vomiting/vertigo
- Chronically: ataxia, alopecia, hyperlipidemia etc.
- Teratogenic: spontaneous loss of fetes or fetal malformations
what are the therapeutic uses of Vitamin A?
they are used for hyperkeratotic and hyper proliferative skin disorders - and they reduce proliferation of sebaceous glands (treat acne)
Who is most at risk of a vitamin D deficiency?
- breast fed infants
- dark skin
- elderly
- fat malabsorption syndromes
inflammatory bowel disease
What is Rickets?
vitamin D deficiency in children leads to reduction in Ca absorption
What is osteomalacia?
reduction in Ca Absorption in adults
What is the result of too much Vitamin D?
Hypervitaminosis D = can lead to hypercalcaemia (calcium deposits in tissues, joints, lungs, brain and kidney) constipation, decreased appetite and muscle weakness
plasma concentration of what vitamin product correlates with plasma lipid and cholesterol levels?
concentration of Vitamin E
what is the role of Vitamin E in the body?
Anti-oxidant role : acts as free scavenger- protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from per oxidation, protects fats in LDL from oxidation
non-oxidant role: inhibition of protein kinase C, modulates cellular transport of retinoic acid, down regulates expression of oxidised LDL scavenger receptors in smooth muscle cells