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Fast Zoonosis Flashcards

1
Q

Causative microbe RMSF

A

rickettsia rickettsii

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2
Q

RMSF reservoir

A

Small woodland animals, domestic cats and dogs, deer

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3
Q

Fevers, malaise, calf myalgia, N/V, HA, arthralgia

Classic rash begins at wrist, forearm, and ankles, & spreads inward toward trunk

Palms and soles involved 80% cases

A

RMSF clinical findings

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4
Q

Hyponatremia, thrombocytopenia

Increased bilirubin and BUN

A

RMSF diagnostics
+
4X increase IgG antibody titer

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5
Q

RMSF Tx

A

doxycycline

chloramphenicol

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6
Q

Borrelia burdorferi

A

lyme disease

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7
Q

white footed mouse

A

lyme disease

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8
Q

flat-border, well-demarcated, blanching red oval patch) w/ fatigue, myalgia, fever, HA, hepatitis, pharyngitis

A

lyme disease

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9
Q

Bilateral Bell’s palsy 33% cases
AV blocks
Radiculopathy

A

lyme disease

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10
Q

Arthritis (knee MC)

A

lyme disease

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11
Q

diagnostics for lyme

A

clinical dx: erythema migrans in hx of tick exposure in endemic area) = treat empirically

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12
Q

lab diagnostics for lyme

A

ELISA to detect serum IgM and IgG antibodies; Western blot to confirm results

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13
Q

tularemia microbe

A

francisella tularansis

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14
Q

tularemia tx

A

streptomycin or gentamicin

meningitis: FQ/chloramphenicol

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15
Q

Flaviviridae

A

dengue
zika
west nile
japanese enchephalitis

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16
Q

filoviridae

A

Ebola

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17
Q

Acute febrile illness: retroorbital HA, malaise, severe myalgia/arthralgia, rash

A

dengue

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18
Q

Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Decreased albumin
Increased AST > ALT

A

dengue
+
Hemoconcentration hematocrit

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19
Q

3 phases of dengue

A

Febrile
Critical
Recovery

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20
Q

Polio-like flaccid paralysis

A

west nile

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21
Q

Fever, HA, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, /V, transient maculopapular rash, neuro sequelae

A

WNV

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22
Q

Neuro sequelae rare

A

western equine encephalitis virus

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23
Q

Children < 15 MC affected

A

Japanese encephalitis virus

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24
Q

vaccine

A

Japanese encephalitis virus

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25
most severe mosquito-borne infection in US
Eastern equine encephalitis
26
Fever, HA, N/V Encephalitis in 2%-6% cases AMS to seizures and coma
eastern equine
27
treatment of all encephalitic viruses
supportive | JEV has a vaccine
28
hantavirus reservior
deer mouse with sin nombre virus
29
three phases of hantavirus
Prodrome: flu-like symptoms (fever, HA, myalgias, N/V, diarrhea, respiratory symptoms are minimal) Cardiopulmonary: severe dyspnea, nonproductive cough, pulmonary edema, circulatory collapse Convalescent: begins with onset of massive diuresis
30
Leukocytosis w/ left shift and atypical lymphocytes | Coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia
hantavirus + Elevated LFTs Renal failure (azotemia, low GFR, proteinuria) Serology PCR, and immunohistochemistry = confirmation
31
tx hantavirus
ribavirin
32
vector of plague
rat flea
33
septicemic phase of plague
sudden onset fever w/o bubo formation; N/V, diarrhea, rapid hypotension and shock = high mortality
34
Leukocytosis w/ predominantly immature neutrophils Azotemia, abnormal LFTs, thrombocytopenia Blood cultures: positive for gram-negative rods
diagnostics of plague
35
plague tx
streptomycin/gentamicin then FQ or doxcy or chloramphenicol
36
laryngeal spasm = can’t swallow and hypersalivation Coma and death May have ascending paralysis
hydrophobia of rabies
37
confusion, paranoia, combativeness, hyperactivity, fever, hallucinations, seizures
encephalitis of rabies
38
phases of rabies
prodrome, encephalitis, hydrophobia
39
Linear papules/nodules = ??
cat scratch
40
Small papular or nodular lesion at site of inoculation Regional LAD follows Low-grade fever, malaise, HA, myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis
cat scratch disease
41
peliosis hepatitis, bacillary angiomatosis
HIV/AIDS of cat scratch dz
42
Virus or viral antigen identified in infected tissue Virus isolated from saliva 4X increase serum antibody titers
rabies dx
43
negri bodies histologically
rabies dx
44
Mild leukocytosis (esp. neutrophilia) Elevated ESR
cat scratch
45
Rapidly spreading cellulitis at site of bite is hallmark Bite possibly complicated by osteomyelitis
Pasteurella Multocida
46
Cat bites especially problematic due to sharp needle-like teeth can actually puncture periosteum
Pasteurella Multocida
47
Pasteurella Multocida diagnostics
culture shows bacteria
48
tx of Pasteurella Multocida
amoxicillin-clavulanate
49
MC presentation: acute fever, severe HA w/ photophobia, nonproductive cough Possible chills, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, epistaxis, abdominal pain, N/V, diarrhea HSM, hepatitis, and DIC may occur
Psittacosis + MC presentation is like atypical PNA:
50
microbe of psittacosis
chlamydia psittiaci
51
reservoir of chlyamydia psittiaci
birds: parrots, pigeons, geese, ducks, chickens
52
Three parts of chagas
acute chagoma romana sign
53
localized erythema and edema (where parasite enters skin)
chagoma of chagas
54
painless palpebral edema and conjunctivitis at infected eye (parasite via conjunctiva)
romana of chagas
55
Clinical symptoms in setting of travel or residence in endemic area = vital! Blood smear or fluid shows parasites (motile trypanosomes)
diagnostics of chagas
56
Benznidazole or nifurtimox
tx of chagas
57
Ciprofloxacin + doxycycline or rifampin
tx of brucellosis
58
CXR: MC is lower lobe consolidation Mild leukocytosis w/ left shift Elevated LFTs Increased serum antibody titers
diagnostics of psittacosis
59
Bone and joint MC involved Symptoms depend on organs involved Chronic disease if > 1 year of infection
brucellosis
60
microbe of brucellosis
brucella spp
61
Systemic illness w/ nonspecific sxs: fever, malaise, weakness, fatigue, HA, dizziness, myalgia, arthralgia, night sweats Localized infections about anywhere (sacroiliitis, epididymo-orchitis, PNA, hepatitis, endocarditis, uveitis, dermatitis, meningitis)
brucellosis
62
febrile phase of dengue
rash, petechiae, easy bruising, mucosal bleeding, epistaxis
63
critical phase of dengue
GI hemorrhage, plasma leaks, abdominal pain, ascites, dyspnea, DSS
64
recovery phase of dengue
capillary leaks stop, fluid reabsorbs, bradycardia, rash (“white islands in a sea of red”)
65
``` Elevated LFTs Renal failure (azotemia, low GFR, proteinuria) Serology PCR, and immunohistochemistry = confirmation ```
hantavirus + Leukocytosis w/ left shift and atypical lymphocytes Coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia

Infectious Disease (8 decks)

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