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Infectious Disease > Fast Zoonosis > Flashcards

Fast Zoonosis Flashcards

1
Q

Causative microbe RMSF

A

rickettsia rickettsii

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2
Q

RMSF reservoir

A

Small woodland animals, domestic cats and dogs, deer

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3
Q

Fevers, malaise, calf myalgia, N/V, HA, arthralgia

Classic rash begins at wrist, forearm, and ankles, & spreads inward toward trunk

Palms and soles involved 80% cases

A

RMSF clinical findings

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4
Q

Hyponatremia, thrombocytopenia

Increased bilirubin and BUN

A

RMSF diagnostics
+
4X increase IgG antibody titer

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5
Q

RMSF Tx

A

doxycycline

chloramphenicol

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6
Q

Borrelia burdorferi

A

lyme disease

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7
Q

white footed mouse

A

lyme disease

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8
Q

flat-border, well-demarcated, blanching red oval patch) w/ fatigue, myalgia, fever, HA, hepatitis, pharyngitis

A

lyme disease

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9
Q

Bilateral Bell’s palsy 33% cases
AV blocks
Radiculopathy

A

lyme disease

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10
Q

Arthritis (knee MC)

A

lyme disease

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11
Q

diagnostics for lyme

A

clinical dx: erythema migrans in hx of tick exposure in endemic area) = treat empirically

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12
Q

lab diagnostics for lyme

A

ELISA to detect serum IgM and IgG antibodies; Western blot to confirm results

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13
Q

tularemia microbe

A

francisella tularansis

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14
Q

tularemia tx

A

streptomycin or gentamicin

meningitis: FQ/chloramphenicol

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15
Q

Flaviviridae

A

dengue
zika
west nile
japanese enchephalitis

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16
Q

filoviridae

A

Ebola

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17
Q

Acute febrile illness: retroorbital HA, malaise, severe myalgia/arthralgia, rash

A

dengue

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18
Q

Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Decreased albumin
Increased AST > ALT

A

dengue
+
Hemoconcentration hematocrit

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19
Q

3 phases of dengue

A

Febrile
Critical
Recovery

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20
Q

Polio-like flaccid paralysis

A

west nile

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21
Q

Fever, HA, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, /V, transient maculopapular rash, neuro sequelae

A

WNV

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22
Q

Neuro sequelae rare

A

western equine encephalitis virus

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23
Q

Children < 15 MC affected

A

Japanese encephalitis virus

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24
Q

vaccine

A

Japanese encephalitis virus

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25
Q

most severe mosquito-borne infection in US

A

Eastern equine encephalitis

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26
Q

Fever, HA, N/V
Encephalitis in 2%-6% cases
AMS to seizures and coma

A

eastern equine

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27
Q

treatment of all encephalitic viruses

A

supportive

JEV has a vaccine

28
Q

hantavirus reservior

A

deer mouse with sin nombre virus

29
Q

three phases of hantavirus

A

Prodrome: flu-like symptoms (fever, HA, myalgias, N/V, diarrhea, respiratory symptoms are minimal)

Cardiopulmonary: severe dyspnea, nonproductive cough, pulmonary edema, circulatory collapse

Convalescent: begins with onset of massive diuresis

30
Q

Leukocytosis w/ left shift and atypical lymphocytes

Coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia

A

hantavirus
+
Elevated LFTs
Renal failure (azotemia, low GFR, proteinuria)
Serology PCR, and immunohistochemistry = confirmation

31
Q

tx hantavirus

32
Q

vector of plague

33
Q

septicemic phase of plague

A

sudden onset fever w/o bubo formation; N/V, diarrhea, rapid hypotension and shock = high mortality

34
Q

Leukocytosis w/ predominantly immature neutrophils
Azotemia, abnormal LFTs, thrombocytopenia
Blood cultures: positive for gram-negative rods

A

diagnostics of plague

35
Q

plague tx

A

streptomycin/gentamicin

then FQ or doxcy or chloramphenicol

36
Q

laryngeal spasm = can’t swallow and hypersalivation
Coma and death
May have ascending paralysis

A

hydrophobia of rabies

37
Q

confusion, paranoia, combativeness, hyperactivity, fever, hallucinations, seizures

A

encephalitis of rabies

38
Q

phases of rabies

A

prodrome, encephalitis, hydrophobia

39
Q

Linear papules/nodules = ??

A

cat scratch

40
Q

Small papular or nodular lesion at site of inoculation
Regional LAD follows
Low-grade fever, malaise, HA, myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis

A

cat scratch disease

41
Q

peliosis hepatitis, bacillary angiomatosis

A

HIV/AIDS of cat scratch dz

42
Q

Virus or viral antigen identified in infected tissue
Virus isolated from saliva
4X increase serum antibody titers

43
Q

negri bodies histologically

44
Q

Mild leukocytosis (esp. neutrophilia)

Elevated ESR

A

cat scratch

45
Q

Rapidly spreading cellulitis at site of bite is hallmark

Bite possibly complicated by osteomyelitis

A

Pasteurella Multocida

46
Q

Cat bites especially problematic due to sharp needle-like teeth can actually puncture periosteum

A

Pasteurella Multocida

47
Q

Pasteurella Multocida diagnostics

A

culture shows bacteria

48
Q

tx of Pasteurella Multocida

A

amoxicillin-clavulanate

49
Q

MC presentation: acute fever, severe HA w/ photophobia, nonproductive cough

Possible chills, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, epistaxis, abdominal pain, N/V, diarrhea

HSM, hepatitis, and DIC may occur

A

Psittacosis
+
MC presentation is like atypical PNA:

50
Q

microbe of psittacosis

A

chlamydia psittiaci

51
Q

reservoir of chlyamydia psittiaci

A

birds: parrots, pigeons, geese, ducks, chickens

52
Q

Three parts of chagas

A

acute
chagoma
romana sign

53
Q

localized erythema and edema (where parasite enters skin)

A

chagoma of chagas

54
Q

painless palpebral edema and conjunctivitis at infected eye (parasite via conjunctiva)

A

romana of chagas

55
Q

Clinical symptoms in setting of travel or residence in endemic area = vital!
Blood smear or fluid shows parasites (motile trypanosomes)

A

diagnostics of chagas

56
Q

Benznidazole or nifurtimox

A

tx of chagas

57
Q

Ciprofloxacin + doxycycline or rifampin

A

tx of brucellosis

58
Q

CXR: MC is lower lobe consolidation
Mild leukocytosis w/ left shift
Elevated LFTs
Increased serum antibody titers

A

diagnostics of psittacosis

59
Q

Bone and joint MC involved
Symptoms depend on organs involved
Chronic disease if > 1 year of infection

A

brucellosis

60
Q

microbe of brucellosis

A

brucella spp

61
Q

Systemic illness w/ nonspecific sxs: fever, malaise, weakness, fatigue, HA, dizziness, myalgia, arthralgia, night sweats
Localized infections about anywhere (sacroiliitis, epididymo-orchitis, PNA, hepatitis, endocarditis, uveitis, dermatitis, meningitis)

A

brucellosis

62
Q

febrile phase of dengue

A

rash, petechiae, easy bruising, mucosal bleeding, epistaxis

63
Q

critical phase of dengue

A

GI hemorrhage, plasma leaks, abdominal pain, ascites, dyspnea, DSS

64
Q

recovery phase of dengue

A

capillary leaks stop, fluid reabsorbs, bradycardia, rash (“white islands in a sea of red”)

65
Q 
Elevated LFTs
Renal failure (azotemia, low GFR, proteinuria)
Serology PCR, and immunohistochemistry = confirmation
A

hantavirus
+
Leukocytosis w/ left shift and atypical lymphocytes
Coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia

Infectious Disease (8 decks)

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