Fascia, Compartments, Synovial Sheaths and Clefts Flashcards
Palmar Carpal Ligament: Def
Where the deep fascia of the palm of the hand is continuous with the antebrachial fascia at the wrist
What are the deep fascias?
Thenar Fascia
Hypothenar Fascia
Palmar Aponeurosis
What are the osteofascial compartments?
Thenar Compartment
Hypothenar Compartment
Central Compartment
Adductor-Interosseous Compartment
Thenar Compartment: Muscles (origin and Insertion)
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Muscle (O: Lateral End of Flexor Retinaculum, I: Lateral side of bas of proximal phalanx)
Opponens Pollicis Muscle (O: Lateral end of flexor retinaculum, I: Shaft of 1st metacarpal)
Flexor Pollicis Brevis (O: Lateral End of flexor retinaculum, I: Abductor Pollicis Brevis)
Thenar Compartment: Innervations and Blood Supply
Recurrent branch of median nerve innervates all 3 muscles
Vascular Supply from Superficial Palmar Branch of Radial ARtery
Hypothenar Compartment: O & I of Muscles
Origin for all is Medial end of Flexor Retinaculum
Abductor Digiti Minimi (I: Medial Side of base of proximal phalanx)
Opponens Digiti Minimi (I: Medial Side of entire 5th Metacarpal)
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (I: WIth abductor Digiti Minimi)
Hypothenar Compartment Muscles: Innervation and Blood Supply
Innervation by deep branch of ulnar nerve
Vascular Supply by superficial and deep branches of ulnar artery
Central Compartment: Muscles O & I
4 Lumbrical Muscles
O: From tendons of flexor digitorum profundus muscle and pass to lateral side of digit they serve
I: Radial side of extensor tendons
Central Compartment Muscles: Action
Helps to flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints
Central Compartment Muscles: Innervation
Lateral 2 lumbricals: Median Nerve
Medial 2 lumbricals: Ulnar Nerve
Central Compartment: Extra Contents
Flexor Tendons and their synovial sheaths
Superficial Palmar Arch
Digital and Muscular Branches of Superficial Palmar Arch
Ulnar and Median Nerve
Adductor- Interosseous Compartment: Adductor Pollicis Muscle: O&I
O: By transverse (from 2nd-4th metacarpals) and oblique eads (from capitate)
I: On medial side of 1st phalanx of thumb
Palmar Interosseous Muscles: Action, # , and O&I
Adduction
3 muscles
O: From metacarpal bone
I: on base of proximal phalanx and extensor tendon of digit acted upon
Dorsal Interosseous Muscles: Action, #, O&I
Abduction
4 Muscles
O: From adjacent metacarpal bones
I: On base of proximal phalanx and extensor tendon
Adductor Interosseous Compartment: Extra Contents
Deep Palmar Arterial Arch and its branches
Adductor- Interosseous Muscles: Innervation
All muscles in this compartment are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Synovial Sheaths: Purpose
As flexor tendons pass under the flexor retinaculum, they are enclosed in synovial sheaths to reduce friction
Ulnar Bursa: Def and Pathway
Complex synovial sheath for the 8 tendons of the 2 flexor muscles of the fingers
Continues into the little finger, but not into the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers
Radial Bursa: Def and Pathway
Synovial Sheath for the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus muscle
Continues into thumb
What is unique about the distal tendons to the index, middle, and ring fingers?
Separate from the ulnar bursa
Fascial Clefts: Def
Potential spaces which act as planes of cleavage between fascial membranes
May occur inside compartments or lie between compartments
Major Fascial Cleft: Location
Between central and adductor-interosseous compartments
Divided by an oblique septum extending from palmar aponeurosis to the shaft of the middle metacarpal bone
Forms Midpalmar Cleft medially and Thenar Cleft laterally
