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Opthalmology > Farm animal ophthalmology > Flashcards

Farm animal ophthalmology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the infectious agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis IBK pink eye?

A

typically moraxella bovis
can involve mycoplasma spp.

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2
Q

What are the clinical signs of IBK?

A

keratoconjunctivitis
lacrimation
photophobia
blepharospasm
corneal oedema
neovascularisation
corneal ulceration
abscessation

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3
Q

What increases likelyhood and spread of IBK?

A

summer months: flies, dust
feeders: close contact and spread

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4
Q

What is the tx options for IBK?

A

topical: cloxacillin (oxytetracycline on cascade)
systemic: oxytetracycline (ok for lactating)
NSAID
sx if severe ulser

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5
Q

What is prognosis of IBK?

A

most self-resolve
resolution faster with tx
some cases severe scaring and subsequent reduced vision

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6
Q

What can we do to prevent IBK?

A

fly control
isolate affected animals where possible

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7
Q

What is the cause of infectioys bovine rhinotracheitis IBR?

A

BHV-1

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8
Q

What are the clinical signs of IBR?

A

conjunctivitis
hyperaemia
chemosis
bilateral ocular discharge and nasal discharge
reddened nasal mucosa “red nose”
pyrexia
milk drop
coughing
pneumonia
abortion

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9
Q

What causes malignant catarrhal fever MCF?

A

ovine herpesvirus 2 which is transmitted from sheep
affects cattle predominantly and also deer and reindeer

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10
Q

What are the clinical signs of MCF?

A

anorexia
diarrhoea
agalactia
pyrexia
resp signs
enlarged LN
ocular chnaged

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11
Q

What are the dx tools and tx for MCF?

A

dx: Hx, MCF PCR, post-mortem
tx: supportive care, ABs, NSAIDs
prognosis: grave

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12
Q

What causes squamous cell carcinoma?

A

UV light
white faced cattle more prone
typically older animals vs built up exposure

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13
Q

What are the clinical signs of SCC?

A

tumour on sclera/nictitating membrane/eyelid
often ulcerated surface, lacrimation

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14
Q

What is the tx and prognosis of SCC?

A

3rd eyelid amputation in v early stages
exenteration increases changes of full removal of tumour but expensive

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15
Q

What causes silage eye?

A

listeria monocytogenes
found in badly ensiled silage

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16
Q

What are the clinical signs of silage eye?

A

cattle sheep goats

anterior uveitis
lacrimation
blepharospasm
photphobia
corneal oedema in later stages

17
Q

What is the tx and prevention for silage eye?

A

tx: systemic oxytetracycline

prevention: good silage in making, storage and fed

18
Q

What is the prognosis for silage eye?

A

often self-resolving but faster with tx

some cases result in synechiae or blocked drainage

19
Q

What causes ovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis OIKC pink eye?

A

mycoplasma conjunctivae
can also involve chlamydia, bramhamella

20
Q

What are the clinical signs of OIKC?

A

sheep goats

lacrimation
keratoconjunctivitis
blepharospasm
inflamed conjunctivae

21
Q

What increases the chance/spread of OIKC?

A

winter months: feed face feeding, snow storms, durst irritation
carrier animals can bring into naive flock

22
Q

What is the tx and prognosis for OIKC?

A

systemic oxytetracycline

often self-resolving, faster with tc
affected individuals may suffer from secondary dz due to blindness

23
Q

What are the methods of correction of entropion?

A

common problems in lambs

pinching of eyelid skin
excision of eyelid skin
michel clip
inhection of AB

24
Q

WHat is the indication for a tarsoraphy?

A

deep corneal ulcer
can also do 3rd eyelid flap

25
Q

What is the indication for 3rd eyelid amputation?

A

SCC

26
Q

What is the indication for enucleation/exenteration?

A

ruptured globe
glaucoma
tumours of eye or 3rd eyelid

27
Q

What are the 2 most common dz of cattle eyes?

A

new forest eye/ conjunctivitis
silage eye

28
Q

What should we consider if cattle is blind from the from but eye isn’t cloudy/no cataracts?

A

potential neuro causes

29
Q

What is the most common ocular dz in sheep and goats?

A

pink eye/conjunctivitis

30
Q

What is the most common ocular problem in pigs?

A

blind because too fat and eyes are covered
need to loose weight

31
Q
A

Opthalmology (10 decks)

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