FAR 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Define common stock and list the basic properties

A

Common Stock: Residual ownership interest

Basic rights include:

  • Voting rights
  • Dividend rights
  • Rights to share in distribution of assets if corporation is liquidated, after satisfaction of creditor and preferred stockholders’ claims.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List some common properties of preferred stock.

A
  • Convertible, callable
  • redeemable
  • Dividends can be cumulative and/or participatin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the adjustments of a quasi-reorganization.

A
  • Assets are restated at fair value (no increase in asset value is permitted, write-downs are charged directly to retained earnings).
  • Liabilities are restated at present value.
  • Retained earnings brought to zero balance by closing to additional paid-in capital or other capital accounts.
  • Remember to continue to show the date of the adjustment to retained earnings for 3-10 years, as this is a departure from cost principle.
  • No negative balance in any capital account.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two alternative methods of accounting for treasure stock?

A

Cost method: Unallocated reduction in stockholder’s equity

Par value method: Deduction from capital stock

Remember,, no gains/loses are recognized on the income statement; income and retained earnings may never increase by the transaction; Additional Paid-in Capital - Treasury Stock account used to record “gains” and absorb “losses”

Treasury stock is not an asset; cash and property dividends are not paid on treasury stock; stock dividends may be paid on treasury stock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Summarize the cost method of accounting for treasury stock.

A
  • Recorded, carried, and reissued at reacquisition cost
  • Any “gain” is credited to Paid-in Capital - Treasury Stock
  • Any “loss” is charged against previous “gains”, then retained earnings
  • Reported as a deduction from total stockholders’ equity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Summarize the par value method of accounting for treasury stock

A
  • Recorded at par value with excess to Paid-in Capital - Treasury Stock or deducted from retained earnings after charged to any Paid-in Capital - Treasury Stock
  • Reported as a deduction from capital stock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List the significant dates with respect to cash dividends

A
  • Date of Declaration: Becomes a liability and reduces retained earnings
  • Date of Record: No journal entry, memorandum entry only
  • Date of Payment: Actually paid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List five types of dividends.

A

Cash
Liquidating: Return of investment
Property: FMV of assets given up, with gain/loss recognized
Scrip: Promise to pay a dividend in future
Stock: Results in capitalizing part of retained earnings, increasing legal capital. Remember, if 20-25%, record at par value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the threshold fro treating stock dividends as large vs. small stock dividends?

A

Small stock dividend: 20-25%
The treatment of stock dividends depends on the percentage f the dividend in proportion to the total shares outstanding prior to the declaration of the dividend.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the accounting treatment of small stock dividends?

A

Fair value of additional shares issued at the date of declaration is transferred from retained earnings to capital stock and additional paid-in capital.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the accounting treatment of large stock dividends?

A

Par value of additional shares issued is transferred from retained earnings to capital stock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Identify the disclosure requirements about capital structure.

A
  • Rights and privileges of various securities outstanding.
  • Number of shares issued upon conversion, exercise, or satisfaction of required conditions during at least the most recent annual fiscal period and any subsequent interim period presented.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Identify two types of stock options

A

Noncompensatory: Under US GAAP, substantially all full-time employees may participate; offered equally or as a percentage of salary; reasonable exercise period; and discount is no greater than that offered to stockholders

Compensatory: Compensation cost is determined on the grant date, using an option pricing model

Note: Under IFRS, stock options are generally considered to be compensatory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the computation and allocation of compensation expense under compensatory stock option plans.

A

Compensation cost is based on the fair value of the equity instrument awarded, determined by an option pricing model. This cost is expensed and allocated over the service period.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the accounting for unexercised, expiring stock options.

A

Any balance in “additional paid-in-capital - stock options” is reclassified to “additional paid-in-capital - expired stock options”. Previously recognized compensation expenses is not adjusted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the basic formula used for calculating EPS?

A

Income available to common shareholders /

Weighted-average # of common shares outstanding

17
Q

Compare basic and diluted EPS

A

Basic: Simple capital structure (only common stock outstanding):
Income available to common shareholders/
Weighted-average common shares outstanding

Diluted: Complex Capital structure:
Income available to common shareholders assuming conversion of all dilutive securities/
Weighted-average common shares outstanding after conversion of all dilutive shares

18
Q

Name the potentially dilutive securities or instruments

A
  • Stock options and warrants and their equivalents
  • Convertible securities (bonds or preferred stock)
  • Contracts that may be settled in stock or cash
  • Contingent issuable shares
19
Q

What is the antidilution rule?

A

Any conversion, exercise, or contingent issuance that has an antidilutive effect (increases EPS or decreases loss per share) is NOT included in teh calculation unless the shares have actually been converted, exercised, or satisfaction of the contingency met.

Each potential common share is considered separately in sequence from most to lease dilutive. with in the money options and warrants generally included first.

20
Q

List the reporting requirements for EPS.

A

Face of income statement, with equal prominence for basic and diluted per-share amounts, for both income from continuing operations and net income.

Per-share amounts for discontinued operations and extraordinary items can be reported on the face of the income statement or in the notes to the financial statements.

21
Q

What are the three sections of the statement of cash flows? What cash flows are included in each section?

A
  • Operating activities- cash flows from income statement transactions and current assets/liabilities
  • Investing activities - cash flows from noncurrent assets
  • Financing activities- cash flows from debt and equity
22
Q

Define cash equivalents

A

Cash equivalents: Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible into cash with insignificant risk of changes in value.

Note: “Matureities of three moths or less” is of original instrument or from purchase date of instrument.

23
Q

Name the two methods of presentation of cash flows from operating activities. Which method is preferred?

A
  • Direct and indirect methods

- Direct method is preferred

24
Q

If using the direct method of presenting cash flows from operating activities, what additional item needs to be included in the statement of cash flows under US GAAP?

A

A reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operations needs to be provided as a supplemental schedule. (Not required under IFRS.)

25
Q

Name the common adjustments made to cash flows from operating activities using the indirect method.
(CLAD)

A

Current assets and liabilities
Losses and gains
Amortization and depreciation
Deferred items

26
Q

Name the most common classes of cash receipts and disbursements included in cash flows from operative activities using the direct method.

A
  • Cash received from customers
  • Cash paid to suppliers and employees
  • Interest received and paid
  • Dividends received
  • Purchases and sales of trading securities, if appropriate based on the nature and purpose for which the securities were acquired
  • Income taxes paid