FAR 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 characteristics of Relevance?
“Relevant P.C.M” Predictive value Confirmatory Value Materiality
What are the 3 characteristics of Faithful Representation
“Faithful C.N.F” Complete Neutral Free from error
Whats included in Selling expenses
Freight out Sales people salaries Commissions Advertising
What are general and Admin expenses?
Accounting Legal Insurance Officer Salaries
What are the 5 requirements for revenue recognition
“ISTAR” Identify contract with customer Separate performance obligation Transaction Price Allocate Transaction price Recognize Revenue
Requirments for point in time recognition
Right to payment Legal title for asset goes to customer Physical possession transfers Rewards and risks transfers Asset is accepted by customer
What are the qualifications for Discontinued operations
Major strategic shift Disposal of major geographical area Disposal of major equity method investment Disposal of major line of business
What is the comprehensive income calculation
Net Income +Other comprehensive income
What is managements requirement for Going concern?
Management is required to evaluate from one year of Financial statements being issued.
What are mitigating factors that must be considered?
“M.I.S” Mitigating factors: whether its been implemented Whether the plans are successful
What are the differences for going concern between GAAP and IFRS?
GAAP requires liquidation basis, IFRS Does not GC for GAAP is from FS issuance date GC for IFRS is from Balance sheet date
What is the subsequent event evaluation date for ISSUERS/GAAP
“issuers=issued” evaluation date is through the date FS are issued
What is the subsequent evaluation date for Non-issuers/private?
NON FS available Evaluation date is through the date the FS are available to be issued
What is the principal market?
Is the market with the greatest volume or level of activity
What is the most advantageous market?
highest price after subtracting transaction prices
What is the most advantageous market?
highest price after subtracting transaction prices
What are the 3 valuation techniques?
“M.I.C” Market approach-market prices for identical item Income Approach-discounted cash flows Cost approach-current replacement costs
What are required disclosures for Fair value?
Valuation techniques-MIC and Inputs- level 1, 2, 3
What are the 3 size tests for reporting segments?
“R.P.A” Revenue-10% of total segments revenue
Profit- 10% of larger of absolute value of loss/profit
Assets-10% of total segments assets
What is a 10K?
Annual form, financial disclosures, MDA and Audited FS LA- within 60 days A-within 75 days Others- within 90 days
What is 10Q
Quarterly forms, unaudited FS, interim MDA LA- within 40 days A-within 40 days Others- within 45 days
What is 11k?
Annual employee benefit plan report
What is 20F?
Non us version of 10,, mda, audited FS
What is 40F
Canadian 10K, MDA Audited FS
Form 6 K
“SIx Semi” semiannual foreign private issuers, unaudited MDA
Form 8 K
Reports major events corporate acquisitions, disposals, changes in governance or management
What sets the content requirements for interim and annual FS for SEC?
“SEX for SEC” Regulation SX
What are the FS requirements for interim FS?
US 10 Q Form 6 K BS, IS and 1 CF
What are the requirements for annual FS?
2 BS 3 IS 1 CF
What are the accounts you use for Cash revenue to Accrual revenue?
Accounts receivable and Prepaid revenue
What are the accounts used for Cash purchases to accrual COGS?
Accounts payable and Inventory
What are the accounts you use for cash operating exenses to accrual operatin expenses?
Accrued expenses and prepaid expenses
What is the current ratio?
Current assets/Current Liabilities
Quick ratio?
(Current assets - inventory)/Current Liabilities
AR turnover
Net sales/Average AR net
Inventory Turnover
Cogs/Average inventory
Profit margin
Net income/net sales
Return on assets
Net income/Average total assets
How are assets valued in contributions to partnerships?
They are valued at fair value minus any debt on them
What is exact method of new partnership?
Is when a new partner is going to get a specific percentage so you calculate how much he would have to contribute.
What is the bonus method of a new partnership?
You calculate how much % they should have received base don their contribution. If they contributed less than the old partners have to split what they owe. If they contribute more, then the new partners can split the profit added to their capital
What is the goodwill method of a new partnership?
Basically you calculate what the value of the partnership should be based off what theyre contributing and the percentage they get. Then you compare that amount to what the new partnership amount is including their contribution.
What is a Large Accelerator?
common equity of greater than or equal 700 million
What is accelerator?
common equity greater than 75 Million but less than 700 million
What is others?
Common equity less than 75 million
What do you subtract from cash/book balance for Bank recs?
cash/book balance -bank service charges -NSFS -interest earned +any deposits that have gone to bank without company knowing = true balance
What do you add/subtract to Bank statement balance for Bank recs?
Bank balance +DIT -OS checks = true balance
Direct write off JE
DR bad debt expense CR Accounts receivable
AFDA method write off JE
DR AFDA CR AR
% of sales method
Uses a percentage of sales to calculate bad debt expense for that year. Added to Allowance. Income statement approach
% of Accounts receivable
Use percentage of AR that will be your ending AFDA balance.
Aging of receivables method
use the aging schedule that will be the AFDA.
Pledging
is when you use existing AR as collateral for a loan
Factoring AR
is when a company converts AR to cash with or without recourse
Notes receivable
presented at NPV
Discounting notes receivable
First calculate total maturity amount Then x maturity amount times discounted rate for the time left
Inventory write down reversals:
Are NOT allowed in GAAP Allowed in IFRS to extent of previous write down
What is Lower of cost or market?
Take middle of: Replacement cost NRV (Sales price - cost to sell/dispose) Market floor (NRV - gross profit) Then compare middle to cost
What is lower of cost or Net Realizable value
Compare cost to Net realizable value
FIFO
sell old, unsold are the newest Ending inventory and COGS are same in periodic or perpetual Rising prices- highest ending inventory, lowest COGS and highest net income
LIFO
Not allowed in IFRS Lowest ending inventory, highest cogs, lowest net income
Weighted Average
Periodic best for homo products and periodic inventory divide total cost of inventory /total number of units
Moving Average Cost
Perpetual similar to weighted average but calculate new average after every purchase
Price index for dollar value
“C.B” Current year/Base year cost
Dollar Value Lifo
You always multiply the layer added to base year by the price index. The difference between years is the layer. you always divide current year cost at end of year/base year cost at end of year
Gross profit method
Used for interim FS for periodic inventory system
How is Fixed assets valued under US GAAP?
Historical cost- cash price of obtaining the asset, bringing to location, and getting it into condition necessary for use
How are donated fixed assets valued?
At FMV plus any incidental costs incurred
What is the journal entry to record recieved fixed asset donation
DR Fixed Asset FMV CR gain on nonreciprocal transfer
What are the valuation methods for fixed assets under IFRS
cost model which is same as GAAP and Revaluation model Revaluation gains go on OCI Revaluation losses go on income statement
Costs that are included in land
All costs up to excavation, excavation is not included title fees legal fees clearing of brush and trees subtract proceeds from sale of existing buildings
Costs included in Plants (buildings)
Costs from excavation and forward. purchase price repairs ignored by previous owner architect fees
Equipment costs
invoice price freight in installation charges sales tax
Interest capitalization
Use weighted average for expenditures use loan rate for up to loan amount anything over loan amount use the averaged rates
Component Depreciation
depreciate a big unit by the individual units that make it up IFRS requires component depreciation
Composite or group depreciation
is averaging economic lives of a number of property units and depreciating the entire class of asset by one single life
Sum of years depreciation
Higher deprecation in early years, smaller in later years Base X (remaining life/Sum of years digit) Sum of years digit= (Useful life X (useful life +1))/2 Use the same base every year
Units of production depreciation
Deprecation base /estimated units or hours = rate per unit
What is the only depreciation method that ignores salvage value?
Double declining
Double Declining
(2/useful life) X NBV at beginning of period
What is the journal entry to sale an item during its useful life?
DR cash received from sale DR accumulated depreciation (up to date of sale) CR asset original cost DR/CR for loss or gain
How to record permanent impairment
DR accumulated depreciation per records DR loss due to impairment CR asset at full cost
Commercial substance
Future cash flows will change as result of transactions
Gain or loss with Commercial substance
FV - BV of old asset
Basis of new asset with commercial substance
FV of asset given up + cash paid
Lacks commercial substance
Future cash flows are NOT impacted
Steps for nonmonetary lacking commerical substance
- do the math FV - BV old= potential gain 2. Determine if boot received or paid *if boot received is greater than 25% recognize all, if less than 25% recognize the percentage *No cash received= no gain *if cash paid is more than 25% recognize gain, if less, no gain
Recording nonmonetary transaction with no commercial substance
- Record cash 2. remove old asset 3. Remove accumulated depreciation 4. Record gain/loss 5. plug is the value of the new item
Intangible assets
ones that are purchased are capitalized including legal and registration fees
IFRS valuation for intangible assets
Allows cost or revaluation method Revaluation gains- OCI Revaluation losses- Net income
Research and Development costs
planned efforts to discover new information to create new product, service, process or technique or improve existing one
Internally developed intangible assets
Most are expensed. Except for capitalized: Successful legal defense registration or consulting design costs
Computer software development costs
Expense until Technological feasibility reached
Technological Feasibility
is when a detailed program design or working model is made
Impairment testing
2 step for finite life: Step 1 Carrying value- undiscounted future cash flow step 2 Carrying value- discounted future cash flow
Where is impairment loss recorded
As component of income from continuing operations
Equity securities
CAn not be treated the same as debt securities TS and AFS. Instead they are FVTNI Measured at fair value, all gains/losses in net income
Debt Securities- Trading Securities
cash flow from operating measured at FV Gains/losses on income statement
Debt Securities- Available for Sale
Cash from investing realized gains and losses on income statement Unrealized gains and losses on OCI
Debt Securities- Held To maturity
Cash from investing Amortized cost
Equity Method for investments
20-50% significant influence Income statement: % net income +% of gains -% of losses =income from investment
When is equity impaired?
When FV falls below CV and its not temporary
Equity Method on balance sheet
purchase price +% income -% amortization -% dividends
Fair Value method investements
No significant influence Less than 20% ownership
Fair Value on balance sheet
Report at FV and gains and losses reported in net income
Fair value on income statement
% of dividends received is considered income
Acquisition method
Used to account for business combos Acquisition price is FV at date of transaction close
Consolidation adjustments
CAR-common stock, APIC Retained earnings IN -investment in subsidiary, noncontrolling interest BIG-Balance sheet adjustment to FV, Identifiable intangible assets, Goodwill/gain
What fees are expensed during acquistion?
Finder fees, consultant fees legal fees due diligence costs
How are registration fees handled?
Reduce APIC
Noncontrolling itnerest
FV of subsidiary at acquisition date X noncontrolling interest
Partial goodwill method
Fv of net subsidiarys net assets X NCI %
Net identifiable assets
Subsidiary total assets - liabilities
BIG
Compare book values to Fair values on acuqisiont dates adjust book to FV Identify intangible assets leftover is goodwill/gains
Goodwill in aquisitoin
acquistion price>100% of subsidiaries assets
IFRS goodwill impairment
Compares cash generating unit to nonrecoverable amount fv- costs to sell
Current portion of longterm debt
principal due within the next year