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Famous People Flashcards

1
Q

1590

A

Janssen:

Principle of the microscope

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2
Q

1665

A

Hooke:

Cell biology

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3
Q

Leeuwenhoek

A

1680:

Description of animalcules

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4
Q

1680

A

Redi:

Attacked the concept of abiogenesis (macro)

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5
Q

1750

A

Needham:
Set back the concept of “omne vivum ex Vivo” (all life from life)
[beef broth]

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6
Q

1776

A

Spallanzani:

Hermetically sealed flask excluded oxygen “vital force”

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7
Q

1836

A

Schulze:

Use of acids and bases killing animalcules “vital force”

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8
Q

1837

A

Schwann:

Use of heat killing vital force

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9
Q

Pasteur

A

1850-1875:
-Disproved abiogenesis (micro)
-proved microorganisms as causative agents in putrefaction and fermentation.
[goose neck flasks & pasteurization/fermentation]

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10
Q

Koch

A

1850-1875

  • established isolation technique.
  • proved nature of specific organism for a specific disease. (Henles postulates by Koch)
  • proved germ theory
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11
Q

1875-1915
The golden age continues:
[4 scientist]

A

Winogradsky- soil
Soxhlet- dairy
Burill- plant
Iwanoski- virology

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12
Q

1928 (1945)

A

Fleming (Chain & Florey):

Penicillin

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13
Q

1928

A

Griffith:

Transformation

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14
Q

1932

A

Domagk:

Sulfa drugs

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15
Q

1936

A

Stanley:
Crystallized a virus
(No rapid growth till Enders)

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16
Q

1938

A

Molecular biology

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17
Q

1942

A

Beadle & Tatum:

“1 gene one enzyme”

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18
Q

1943

A

Electron microscope

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19
Q

1944

A

Avery:

Molecular genetics, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)= heredity

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20
Q

1946

A

Lederberg:

Bacterial genetics

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21
Q

1950

A

Enders:
Growth viruses
(Dependent on host cells unless its a live)

22
Q

1955

A

Salk:
Polio vaccine
(Pasteur methodology)

23
Q

1955 (2 people)

A 
Watson & Crick:
Double helix (DNA Structure)
24
Q

1960

A

Porter:

Immuno-chemistry, elucidation of antibody molecules

25
1968
Nirenberg: | Synthesized a polypeptide
26
1970
Khorana: | Synthesized a gene
27
1970 (2 people)
Nathan & smith: | Functional aspects of recombinant gene, isolation of restriction endonucleases
28
1972
Berg: | Recombinant DNA
29
1976
Sanger: | Rapid sequencing of bases in synthetic DNA production
30
1977
Gilbert: | Synthesis of useful non-bacterial proteins (insulin & interferon) by bacteria
31
1980
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
32
1983
Eli Lily Co.: Marketing of human insulin based on recombinant DNA, biotechnology (Pharmaceutical company)
33
1987
Tonegawa: | Genetic principle of antibody diversity
34
1989-90
Genetic basis of cancer, initial gene therapy experiments
35
1997-99
"Hello dolly" (mammalian cloning)
36
21st century
Human genome project results, genomics, proteomics, epigenetics
37
Eli Lily Co. and Gilbert
Human insulin, genetic engineered proteins
38
N2 fixation, Azorobacter and Rhizobium
Winogradsky
39
Burriill and Iwanoski
Plant pathology, tobacco plant disease [virus]
40
Berg, khorana, & Sanger
1st bio engineered product- recombinant DNA artificial protein
41
Salk, Iwanoski, Enders:
Growth of viruses (disease/deadly)
42
Griffith and lederberg
Transformation of bacterial genetics
43
Petri and Hess
Created Petri dishes and agar (kochs lab)
44
Avery, Watson & crick
DNA molecular genetics
45
"Chance favor the prepared mind" & Goose neck flask
Pasteur
46
Domagk & Fleming
Antibiotics
47
French product/economy and Soxhlet
Pasteurization of wine/ dairy
48
Janssen, Hooke, and Leeuwenhoek
Discovery of organisms
49
Porter and tonegawa
Antibodies
50
Schultz, Schwann, & redi
Attack concept of abiogenesis
51
Hooke and needham
The cork, abiogenesis concept of cell biology

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