Famous people

Question 1

Robert Hooke

Answer 1

Observed pores of a cork. Called them “cells”

Question 2

Anthony van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 2

Observed live organisms with a magnifying lens of his design

Question 3

Francesco Redi (for or against S.G)

Answer 3

Against S.G. Proved maggots dont just “appear” on raw meat.

Question 4

John Needham (for or against S.G)

Answer 4

For S.G. Heated chicken broth and transfered into flask. Hours later it teemed with microbes

Question 5

Lazzaro Spallanzani (for or against S.G)

Answer 5

Against S.G. Countered Needham by heating broth and placing in sealed flasks. No microbes formed.

Question 6

Rudolf Virchow (for or against S.G)

Answer 6

Against S.G. Proposed biogenesis. Living cells can only arise from living cells

Question 7

Louis Pasteur (for or against S.G)

Answer 7

Against S.G. Disproved S.G. by his experiments involving beef broth. Heated in long-necked flask and placed S-curved on flask. No microbe growth. They got trapped in S-curve. Created pasteurization

Question 8

Edward Jenner

Answer 8

Vaccine for small pox. Noticed milk maids were “immune” due to having cow pox already. Inoculated young girl with cow pox virus and she never developed small poxs

Question 9

Ignaz Semmelweis

Answer 9

Prevented child birth fever by showing proper hand hygiene. Eliminated cross-contamination

Question 10

John Snow

Answer 10

Anesthesia and hand hygiene. Father of Epidemiology by tracking Cholera back to Soho, London

Question 11

Robert Koch

Answer 11

Germ Theory of Disease, pure cultures, discovered Myobacterium tuberculosis , Vibrio cholera, and Bacillus anthracis. Koch’s postulates

Question 12

Paul Enrlich

Answer 12

Developed theory of immunity

Question 13

John Lister

Answer 13

Aseptic surgery and Listerine

Question 14

Sergei Winogradsky

Answer 14

Sulfur cycle in regards to microbial interaction with the environment (breaking down)

Question 15

Christian Gram

Answer 15

Gram staining procedure

Question 16

Alexander Fleming

Answer 16

Discovered Penicillin

Question 17

Selman Waksman

Answer 17

Discovered Streptomycin

Question 18

Fredrick Griffith

Answer 18

Transformation of bacteria

Question 19

Luria and Delbruck

Answer 19

Viral infection of bacteria

Question 20

Lederberg, Beadle, and Tatum

Answer 20

Described genetic control of biochemical rxns

Question 21

Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty

Answer 21

Genetic material is DNA

Question 22

Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin

Answer 22

Identified the physical structure of DNA (double helix)

Question 23

Carl Woese

Answer 23

Proposed the three types of bacteria should be in the three domains: Bacteria, Eukarya, and Archaea

Question 24

Karl Mullis

Answer 24

Discovered the polymerase chain rxn to amplify (make multiple copies) of DNA

Question 25

Stanley Prusiner

Answer 25

Discovered prions and demonstrated relationships between prions and deadly neurological diseases in humans

Question 26

Marshal and Warren

Answer 26

Discovered Helicobacter pylori causes peptic ulcers

Question 27

Hershey and Chase

Answer 27

Conducted series of experiments to confirm that DNA was the genetic material

Question 28

Walter Reed

Answer 28

Discovered yellow fever is transmitted by particular mosquitos

Question 29

John Tyndall

Answer 29

made "pure" optic air and kept broth from becoming contaminated while in his optic air. Later discovered what bacterial/fungal spores were

Question 30

Fannie and Hesse

Answer 30

Creation of Agar

Question 31

Theodor Escherich

Answer 31

Discovered Escherichia coli

Question 32

Dimitri Ivanousky

Answer 32

Discovered viruses; Founder of virology

Question 33

Felix d'Herrelle

Answer 33

co-discoverer of bacteriophages

Question 34

C.B. Van Neil

Answer 34

Discovered mechanism of photosynthesis and developed bacterial taxonomy

Question 35

Jonas Stalk

Answer 35

First polio vaccine

Question 36

Meselson and Stahl

Answer 36

DNA is semiconservative

Question 37

Kirby and Bauer

Answer 37

Zone of inhibition; placed wafers with antibiotics on infected agar plate and zones formed

Question 38

Lynn Margulis

Answer 38

Developed a theory for where certain organelles came from

Question 39

Willy Burgdorfer

Answer 39

Discovered Borrelia Burgdorferi; causes lymes disease