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GLE: GENERAL GEOLOGY DAY 1 > FAMOUS AND NOTABLE EARTH SCIENTISTS > Flashcards

FAMOUS AND NOTABLE EARTH SCIENTISTS Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

Proposed Neptunism origin of rocks and ore deposits

A

Abraham Werner

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2
Q

Named the divisions of Pangaea into Laurasia and Gondwanaland

A

Alexander du Toit

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3
Q

Proposed the model for the Earth’s, Homogeneous accretion

A

Alfred Edward Ringwood

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4
Q

Developed the bivariate Harker diagrams in 1909 for discriminating silicates with major or minor oxide compounds

A

Alfred Harker

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5
Q

Along with Arthur Holmes, developed the Continental Drift Theory

A

Alfred Wegener

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6
Q

Identified the Mohorovicic Discontinuity between the crust and mantle

A

Andrija Mohorovicic

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7
Q

Invented the artificial coral reefs

A

Angel Alcala

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8
Q

Along with Robert Wilson, first observed the cosmic wave background radiation

A

Arno Penzias

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9
Q

Invented the contact goniometer which is used to measure the interfacial angle of crystals

A

Amould Carangeot

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10
Q

Known as the “Father of Geothermal Energy Development” in the Philippines

A

Arturo Alcaraz

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11
Q

Developed the Michel-Levy color chart for thin sections under the microscope

A

Auguste Michel-Lévy

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12
Q

Along with Frascatus and Thomas Norton, believed that rays from heavenly bodies influenced mineralization

A

Aurelio Augurelli

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13
Q

Grouped the minerals as stones, sulfur minerals, metals, and salts

A

Avicenna

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14
Q

Known as the “Founding Father of Paleontology”

A

Baron Georges Cuvier

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15
Q

Proposed the principle of Catastrophism

A

Baron Georges Cuvier

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16
Q

Categorized 16 mineral groups as metals, stones and earth

A

Baron Georges Cuvier

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17
Q

Along with Alexandre Brongniart, established the basic principle of biostratigraphy, such as the stratigraphic succession of earth layers

A

Baron Georges Cuvier

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18
Q

Developed the chemical classification of minerals, along with his students

A

Baron Jons Jacob Berzelius

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19
Q

Identified the Gutenberg Discontinuity between the mantle and core

A

Beno Gutenberg

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20
Q

Proposed that veins are open fissures filled with minerals leached from the adjacent country rock

A

Carl Abraham Gerhard

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21
Q

Developed the first scale for relative mineral hardness in 1824, the Mohs Scale of Hardness

A

Carl Friedrich Christian Mohs

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22
Q

Pioneer of nuclear studies in the Philippines

A

Carlo Arcilla

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23
Q

Developed the Richter magnitude scale

A

Charles Francis Richter

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24
Q

Named the Ordovician period

A

Charles Lapworth

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25
Popularized the principle of Uniformitarianism
Charles Lyell
26
Proposed the Law of Inclusion in Stratigraphy
Charles Lyell
27
Embellished the principle of Law of Cross-cutting Relationship
Charles Lyell
28
Along with Udden, developed the Wentworth-Udden grade scale for sediment grain sizes
Chester K. Wentworth
29
Developed the Mohr Circle
Christian Otto Mohr
30
Developed the Weiss parameters to describe crystal faces or planes and axes
Christian Samuel Weiss
31
Justified The Big Bang Theory by observing the Universe's expansion
Edwin Hubble
32
First proposed the idea for the Nebular Hypothesis
Emanual Swedenborg
33
Together with Schoenflies and Barlov, developed the foundation of X-Ray crystallography founded on theories for the internal symmetry and order within minerals
Evgraf Fedorov
34
Introduced the process of "Gahrung" and "Faulniss" or Metamorphism and Weathering, respectively
Fried, Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra
35
Identified the six metamorphic zones named after him, the Barrovian zones
George Barrow
36
Developed the Alry's Hypothesis in isostasy
Sir George Biddell Airy
37
First proposed The Big Bang Theory
Sir George Biddell Airy
38
Known as the Father of Economic Geology
Georgius Agricola
39
Published De Re Metallica Libri XII, the first systematic treatise on mining and smelting
Georgius Agricola
40
Developed the Mercalli intensity scale for measuring the relative strength of an earthquake
Giuseppe Mercalli
41
Developed Wellman's method in measuring strain in rocks
Harold Wellman
42
Developed the Theory of Seafloor Spreading
Harry Hess
43
Developed the Hjulström's diagram for sediment entrainment, transportation and deposition
Henning Filip Hjulström
44
Developed Darcy's Law in 1856, a method to determine permeability
Henry Darcy
45
Along with his wife, Lou Henry Hoover, published the English Translation of De Re Metallica Libri XII in 1912
Herbert Hoover
46
Noted the occurrence of Gold in quartz veins
Herodotus
47
Developed and published the theory on the Nebular Hypothesis in Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens in 1755
Immanuel Kant
48
Identified the Lehmann Discontinuity between the outer and inner core
Inge Lehmann
49
Observed the early evolution of Tetrapods in Valentia Island
Iwan Stossel
50
James Hutton
Known as the "Father of Modern Geology"
51
Formulated the principle of Uniformitarianism
James Hutton
52
Proposed Plutonism Origin of rocks
James Hutton
53
Formulated the principle of the Law of Cross-cutting Relationship
James Hutton
54
Introduced the idea that mineral veins are injected into the fissures they occupy in a molten state
James Hutton
55
Developed the idea of Catastrophism
James Ussher
56
First proposed the idea of the Oort Cloud in 1950
Jan Oort
57
Affirmed Steno's work on the crystals' angles, formulating the Law of the Consistency of Interfacial Angles
Jean-Baptistie Louis Rome de Isle
58
Along with Nicolas Desmarest, made the first geologic maps
Jean-Etienne Guettard
59
First observed the volcanic origins of some of the parts of France
Jean-Etienne Guettard
60
Believed in The Golden Tree, where minerals are thought to be branches from a tree within the Earth
Johann Gottlob Lehmann
61
Dismissed the idea that planets influenced mineralization
Johann Joachin Becher
62
Developed the Pratt's Theory in isostasy
John Henry Pratt
63
Known as the "Father of Philippine Geology"
Jose Feliciano
64
Formulated the Gibbs' Phase rule in 1928 to govern the number of phases in equilibrium
Josiah Willard Gibbs
65
The first animal in space
Laika
66
Established five rules, the Pauling's rules, for cation-anion relationships
Linus Pauling
67
Initiated the immersion method for optical mineralogy, and had the mineral Cordierite named after him
Louis Cordier
68
Created the first detailed map of the ocean floor.
Marie Tharp
69
Suggested the idea for X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
Max Von Laue
70
First man to walk on the Moon during the Apollo 11
Neil Armstrong
71
Developed three basic principles in Stratigraphy: Law of Original Horizontality, Law of Superposition, and Law of Lateral Continuity
Nicolas Steno
72
First established the Law of Cross-cutting Relationship
Nicolas Steno
73
Observed constant angles between corresponding faces of crystals
Norman L. Bowen
74
Known as the "Father of Modern Petrology
Nicolas Steno
75
Early proponent in fractional crystallization and developed the Bowen's Reaction Series in 1910
Norman L. Bowen
76
Formulated the Reynolds' number to describe fluid flow
Osborne Reynolds
77
First predicted the cosmic wave background radiation
Ralph Asher Alpher
78
Handled the 1990 Luzon Earthquake and the 1991 Pinatubo Eruption
Raymundo Santiago Punongbayan
79
Discovered soft-bodied impressions of animals during the Avalon Explosion
Reginald Claude Sprigg
80
Observed crystals to have been built by smaller identical building blocks called integral molecules, and developed the Theory of Rational Indices for Crystal Faces
Rene J. Hauy
81
Made the first 24-hour weather forecast on August 1, 1861
Robert Fitzroy
82
Established the Hooke's Law for the elastic relationship of rocks, naming an elastic behavior as Hookean behavior after him
Robert Hooke
83
Developed the Dunham's classification in 1962 recognizing six major varieties of carbonate rocks
Robert J. Dunham
84
Developed the Folk's classification in 1959 recognizing four major types of grains or allochems in carbonate rocks
Robert L. Folk
85
Known as the "Father of Philippine Stratigraphy"
Rolando Peña
86
Established the Goldich's rules and Goldich's series, an inverted Bowen's series, in 1938 for mineral stability
Samuel S. Goldich
87
Introduced the idea of magmatic segregation to form minerals
Scipione Breislak
88
Hypothesized land formation through in and marine fossils, soil erosion, and Hypothesized land deposition of silt
Shen Kuo
89
Interpretation of fossils
Theophrastus
90
First written work on minerals
Theophrastus
91
Proposed that Metals and Gurare made due to the interaction of "seeds" and water
Thomas Sherley
92
Developed the Young's modulus of elasticity describing the stress-strain relationship of materials
Thomas Young
93
Wrote the earliest book on ore deposits
Ulrich Rulein von Kalbe
94
Described the inclined seismic zone, independently along with Kiyoo Wadati, called the Wadati-Benioff Zone
Victor Hugo Benioff
95
Proposed The Planetesimal Theory in 1941
Viktor Safronov
96
Published the book Mineral Deposits and made the Lindgren classification of deposits
Waldemar Lindgren
97
Formulated the Snell's law the relationship of the angle of incidence and angle of reflection
Willebrord Snellius
98
Developed the Miller indices for crystallographic planes
William Hallowes Miller
99
Together with William Lawrence Bragg, wrote the earliest publication on crystal structure determinations
Sir William Henry Bragg
100
Invented the reflecting goniometer which allows highly accurate or precise measurements of the position of crystal faces, and had the mineral Wollastonite named after him
William Hyde Wollaston
101
Proposed the Davisian geomorphology or Davis' Theory
William Morris Davis
102
Developed the Cycle of the Erasion Model
William Morris Davis
103
Invented the polarizing microscope
William Nicol
104
Known as the "Father of English Geology
William Smith
105
Established Law of Faunal Succession
William Smith
106
Coined the term Catastrophism and Uniformitarianism
William Whewell

GLE: GENERAL GEOLOGY DAY 1 (3 decks)

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