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Plant Systematics > Familys > Flashcards

Familys Flashcards

1
Q
  • Stems stiff 5-20cm
  • Single unbranched vein in leaf
  • Kidney-shaped sporangia
A

Lycopodiaceae

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2
Q
  • Stems to 5cm tall, weak and trailing on ground
  • 2 sets of leaves, larger on upper side of stem, smaller on lower
  • Rhizophores
A

Selaginellaceae

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3
Q
  • Woody, carrot shaped
  • 2 adult, strap shaped leaves w basal meristem
  • Strobili cone-like
A

Welwitschiaceae

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4
Q
  • Fan-shaped leaves
  • Ovules in pairs on long stalk
A

Ginkgoaceae

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5
Q
  • Highly branched shrubs
  • Leaves opposite or whorled & fused around stem, membranous
  • Single terminal ovule in cone
A

Ephedraceae

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6
Q
  • Woody vines
  • Leaves opposite with pinnate venation
  • Ovules not in strobili
A

Gnetaceae

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7
Q
  • Linear or needle-shaped leaves
  • Seed cone scales spirally arranged
  • Woody cone scale
A

Pinaceae

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8
Q
  • Leaves linear
  • Ovules solitary on stalks
  • Seed w hard coat surrounded by fleshy aril
A

Taxaceae

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9
Q
  • Microphylls or enations
  • Dichotomously branched, green stems
  • Three-parted sporangium on short axis
A

Psilotaceae

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10
Q
  • Hollow, jointed, ridged stems
  • Whorled microphylls
  • Terminal compound strobilus
A

Equisetaceae

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11
Q
  • Linear, non-marginal sori
  • Indusium linear & flap-like
A

Aspleniaceae

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12
Q
  • Circular sori on underside of leaf
  • Ferns
A

Polypodiaceae

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13
Q
  • Marginal sori with folded over false indusium
A

Pteridaceae

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14
Q
  • Aquatic
  • Clover shaped leaves
  • Sporangia in sporocarps near base of petioles
A

Marsileaceae

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15
Q
  • Palmlike leaves pinnately compound
  • Coiled early leaf growth
  • Leaflets with single midvein
A

Cycadaceae

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16
Q
  • Palmlike leaves
  • Flat (uncurled) when developing
  • Leaflets with many parallel veins
A

Zamiaceae

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17
Q
  • Leaves scale-like, awl shaped or linear
  • Shed in branchlets
  • Female cone scales opposite
A

Cupressaceae

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18
Q
  • Aquatic, floating leaves
  • Numerous petals, stamens & carpels
A

Nymphaeaceae

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19
Q
  • Trees or shrubs
  • Numerous stamens & carpels spirally arranged on elongated axis
A

Magnoliaceae

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20
Q
  • Flowers very small in dense spike
A

Piperaceae

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21
Q
  • Aquatic herbs with basal leaves
  • Numerous seperate stamens & pistils
A

Alismataceae

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22
Q
  • Tiny flowers in finger-like spadix enclosed in hood-like leaf
A

Araceae

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23
Q
  • Bulbs with onion of garlic smell
  • Umbel infloresence subtended by membranous bracts
  • Superior ovary
A

Alliaceae

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24
Q
  • Bulb & umbel
  • No onion smell
  • Inferior ovary
A

Amaryllidaceae

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25
Q
  • Rosettes of succulent leaves, sometimes spiny
  • Infloresence elongate in panicle or raceme
A

Asphodelaceae

26
Q
  • Leaves sub-basal, linear, start split & become fused
  • New leaves develop inside previous
  • 3 stamens
  • Inferior ovary
  • Flowers subtended by membranous bracts
A

Iridaceae

27
Q
  • Zygomorphic flowers
  • One petal modified into lip
  • Style fused with stamen forming column opposite lip
  • Inferior ovary
A

Orchidaceae

28
Q
  • Herbs with bulbs (no onion smell)
  • 6 petaloid segments per flower
  • Superior ovary
A

Liliaceae

29
Q
  • Large, leathery leaves in crown at top of plant
  • Infloresence compound & highly branched, subtended by spathe
A

Arecaceae

30
Q
  • Leafy stems with swollen nodes
  • Leaves alternate with basal closed sheath
  • Stamens with hairs on filaments
A

Commelinaceae

31
Q
  • Leaves with water absorbing scales usually in dense rosettes
  • Infloresences bright with highly contrasting bracts
A

Bromeliaceae

32
Q
  • Leaves with peni-parallel venation, spirally arranged
A

Musaceae

33
Q
  • 2-ranked leaves with peri-parallel venation
A

Strelitziaceae

34
Q
  • Long linear flowers in dense cylindrical spikes
A

Typhaceae

35
Q
  • Aquatic herbs
  • Basal, linear leaves with triangular cross-section due to keeled lower surface
  • Spherical heads of flowers
  • Nut-like drupes in globose head
A

Sparganiaceae

36
Q
  • Leaf sheath open (not fused)
  • Flowers inconspicious in heads or spikes
  • Perianth of 6, sepals 3 or 6
  • Fruit a 3-parted capsule
A

Juncaceae

37
Q
  • Stems solid, triangular
  • Leaves 3 ranked
  • Flowers in spike subtended by glume (perianth absent or bristles)
A

Cyperaceae

38
Q
  • Hollow stems
  • Nodes swollen & often bent
  • Flowers in spikelets
  • 2-ranked leaves
A

Poaceae

39
Q
  • Dense, spike-like, head-like or branching inflorescence
  • Flowers with often spiny bracts
A

Amaranthaceae

40
Q
  • Often succulent & gritty
  • Flowers green & very small, sepals but no petals
A

Chenopodiaceae

41
Q
  • Succulent, spiny stems
  • Numerous perianth parts & stamens
  • Hypanthium & inferior ovary
A

Cactaceae

42
Q
  • Leaves opposite, nodes swollen
  • Petals often cleft with free-central placentation
A

Caryophyllaceae

43
Q
  • Leaves with sheathing stipules
  • Small, actinomorphic flowers
  • Stamens 3-9
A

Polygonaceae

44
Q
  • Succulent
  • Flowers perfect, actinomorphic
  • Stamens same or twice number of petals
  • Carpels free, same number as petals
A

Crassulaceae

45
Q
  • Stamens 5-10, ovary superior
  • Styles fused into column
A

Geraniaceae

46
Q
  • Sepals & petals 4, stamens twice number of petals
  • Inferior ovary & hypanthium
A

Onagraceae

47
Q
  • Zygomorphic flowers with banner, wings & keel
  • Stamens 10
A

Fabaceae

48
Q
  • Trees or shrubs
  • Leaves alternate, usually serrate
  • Flowers small, monoecious
  • Pistillate flowers in short spikes subtended by membranous bracts
  • Fruit a winged nut
A

Betulaceae

49
Q
  • Trees or shrubs
  • Pistillate flowers 1-7 in an involucre (fused bracts)
  • Nut surrounded by cup- or burr-like involucre
A

Fagaceae

50
Q
  • Flowers imperfect in “false flower”
  • Styles 3, often forked
  • Sometimes milky juice
A

Euphorbiaceae

51
Q
  • Flowers zygomorphic, 5 petals & stamens
  • Lower petals saccate or spurred
  • Lower 2 stamens with appendages projecting into spur
A

Violaceae

52
Q
  • Low herbs with leaves palmately 3-foliate
  • Stamens 10 in 2 whorls
  • Styles 5, free
A

Oxalidaceae

53
Q
  • Flowers perfect, 5-merous, conspicious hypanthium
  • Many stamens
A

Rosaceae

54
Q
  • 4 petals & sepals
  • 6 stamens: 4 long, 2 short
A

Brassicaceae

55
Q
  • Flowers with 2nd calyx formed from bracts
  • Numerous stamens with filaments fused into cylinder
A

Malvaceae

56
Q
  • 4-sided stems, opposite leaves
  • Bilabiate flowers with superior deeply 4-lobed ovary
  • Style attached to base of ovary
A

Lamiaceae

57
Q
  • Pentamerous, zygomorphic flowers, stamens 2 or 4
  • Opposite leaves
A

Scrophulariaceae

58
Q
  • 5-merous flowers
  • Corolla folded in bud
  • Capitate (ball shaped) stigma
  • Numerous ovules
A

Solanaceae

59
Q
  • Twining & climbing herbs
  • Funnel-shaped flowers, folded in bud
A

Convolvulaceae

60
Q
  • Herbs with sheathing leaf bases
  • Infloresence involucrate compound umbel
  • Inferior ovary
A

Apiaceae

61
Q
  • Corolla tubular to bell-shaped
  • Inferior ovary
  • Anthers form tube around style
A

Campanulaceae

62
Q
  • Infloresence a head subtended by involucre of phyllaries
  • Inferior ovaries
A

Asteraceae

Plant Systematics (1 decks)

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