Family Medicine Flashcards
Leading cause of accidental death in the US
Drug overdose
The number one cause of mortality in the setting of overdose
Lack of Airway Management
Indications for intubation
Hypoxemia
Hypercapnia
Inability to protect airway
The most common cause of hypothyroidism
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
The Five A’s of smoking
Ask about smoking Advise cessation Assess willingness Assist with counseling or possible therapy Arrange for follow up
UPSPTF recommendation for screening for breast cancer
Mammogram q2years from ages 50-74
Screening recommendations for Pap smear
Women q 3 years 21-29, q 3 years 30-65 (ok) unless HOV co-testing, then q 5 years (preferred)
Screen for colon cancer.
Age?
Ages 50-75
Screen for lung cancer
Offer screening to active (or quit < 15 yrs) smokers who have 30+ pack year history between age of 55-80 with annual Low Dose CT
How do you know screening for DM is positive in kids
Fasting glucose > 126mg/dL
Random glucose > 200 mg/dL
HbA1c > 6.5%
Oral glucose >200 after 2hrs
L hemiplegia + visuospatial + L lower facial weakness
R MCA
R hemiplegia + speech + R lower facial weakness
L MCA
tPA has a given within
4.5 hours
5 P’s of compartment syndrome + bonus
Pain Pulselessness Pallor Paresthesiasis Paralysis Poikilothermia
Ottawa Ankle rules
Image ankle if:
Pain in malleolar zone and bony tenderness along distal 6cm of the posterior edge of either malleolus
OR
Inability to bear weight 4 steps immediately and during exam.
Ottawa Rules
Image foot if:
Pain in the mid foot and bony tenderness about the navicular, base of 5th metatarsals
OR
inability to bear weight 4 steps immediately and during exam.
Back pain emergencies
Infection (fever) Caudal Equina (incontinence, saddle anesthesia) Neurological compromise Fracture Cancer
Complications of influenza
Pneumonia
Acute otitis media
Treatment of pneumonia in kids
0-3 months - ampicillin and gentamicin
5+ years - Azithromycin
What is metabolic syndrome
3 out of 5: Low HDL hypertriglyceridemia Elevated FBS Increased waist circumference HTN
VINDICATE for Differential Diagnosis
Vascular Inflammatory/ infectious Neoplasm Degenerative Ischemic Congenital Autoimmune/ allergy Trauma Environmental
Alarming symptoms that would prompt EDG in a GERD patient
Dysphagia Onset > 50 years Weight loss Melena/ hematochezia Hematemesis
What is colic in new born
Paroxysmal crying for 3h/d 3days/ week, 3+ weeks and peaks at week 6
What are the risk factors for CAD (CVD)?
Male Aging Smoker HTN DM HLD Obesity Family history
Primary prevention of CAD
50-59: 81mg ASA of 10 yr > 10% (USPSTF)
How do you treat stable angina?
CCB or B- blocker or nitrates
LDL > 190
Management
High intensity statin: atorvastatin 40mg, 80mg; rosuvastatin 20mg, 40mg
Who gets high intensity statin therapy?
Clinical ASCVD < 75 years
LDL > 190
DM 45-75 years with cardiac risk > 7.5%
Risk factors for DVT
Smoking Obesity Inactivity Hypercoagulable state OCP Trauma
BATHE technique
Background Affect Trouble Handling Empathy
Drug of choice for C. Difficile
Oral vancomycin
Recommended for screening for osteoporosis
All women from age 65
ABCDE Rule for skin lesions
Asymmetry Border Color Diameter >6mm Evolving
