family medicine

Question 1

Gold standard diagnostic test for PUD?

Answer 1

endoscopy

Question 2

H.pylori treatment?

Answer 2

CAP (clarithromycin + amoxicillin + PPI)

Question 3

Side effect of PPI?

Answer 3

B12 deficiency

Question 4

Tx for preventing NSAID related ulcers?

Answer 4

Misoprostol

Question 5

Metabolic syndrome depends on having 3/4 of which criteria?

Answer 5

waist circumference greater than 102 cm in men or greater than 88 cm in women, triglyceride level greater than 150 mg/dL, HDL less than 40 mg/dL in men and less than 50 mg/dL in women, blood pressure greater than 130 mm Hg systolic or greater than 85 mm Hg diastolic, or fasting plasma glucose level greater than 100 mg/dL.

Question 6

upright X-ray, CT scan, or MRI showing a retrocardiac air-fluid level makes you think of what?

Answer 6

hiatal hernia

Question 7

Histopathologic findings indicative of Alzheimer disease?

Answer 7

amyloid plaques and the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in neurofibrillary tangles

Question 8

Symptom treatment for Alzheimer disease?

Answer 8

cholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine

Question 9

Initial pharmacologic therapy of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (ejection fraction of ≤ 40%)?

Answer 9

a combination of a diuretic, an angiotensin system blocker (either an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), or angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)), and a beta-blocker

Question 10

What is seen on X-ray in interstitial lung disease?

Answer 10

ground glass opacities, honeycombing, reticular opacities, or reticulonodular opacities

Question 11

The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for ?

Answer 11

all adults >/= 65, those >2 yrs who are immunocompromised, adults 19-64 who smoke, have heart/lung disease, diabetes, lung disease, alcohol use disorder, cochlear implant or CSF leak

Question 12

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by:

Answer 12

a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, a random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL, a hemoglobin A1C level ≥ 6.5%, or a plasma glucose level ≥ 200 mg/dL 2 hours after an oral glucose load is given

Question 13

Tx for community acquired pneumonia?

Answer 13

Do More Aerobics : doxycycline, macrocodes (clarithromycin and azythromycin), amoxicillin

Question 14

Low free T4 and elevated TSH indicates which type of hypothyroidism?

Answer 14

primary hypothyroid

Question 15

Low free T4 and low/normal TSH indicates which type of hypothyroidism?

Answer 15

secondary hypothyroid

Question 16

Normal free T4 and elevated TSH indicates which type of hypothyroidism?

Answer 16

subclinical hypothyroid

Question 17

epididymitis tx?

Answer 17

<35: ceftriaxone 250mg + doxy 100 mg

>35 cipro 500mg

Question 18

gonorrhea tx?

Answer 18

IM ceftriaxone or doxy +azithro

Question 19

chlamydia tx?

Answer 19

azithro, doxy or erythromycin

Question 20

Tx for kidney stones 5-10mm?

Answer 20

not likely to pass spontaneously, increase fluids/analgesics, lithotripsy, ureteroscopy

Question 21

Tx for kidney stones > 10mm?

Answer 21

tx as inpatient, percutaneous nephrostomy is GOLD standard if renal function is jeopardized,

Question 22

Dx of primary adrenal insufficiency aka Addison’s disease ?

Answer 22

high dose cosyntropin (synthetic ACTH) stimulation test: < 20 mcg/dL increase in cortisol level

Question 23

Dx of secondary adrenal insufficiency aka pituitary tumor?

Answer 23

increase in cortisol after ACTH administration but no increase in ACTH after CRH injection

Question 24

Tx of addison’s?

Answer 24

prednisone/hydrocortisone

crisis: steroids, glucose,IV saline

Question 25

MOA of metformin

Answer 25

decreases hepatic glucose production

side effects: weight loss & GI side effects