Family (ethics) Flashcards
1
Q
Marriage
What is the importance of marriage for Catholics?
A
- Believe marriage was created by God
- One of the 7 sacraments
- Only acceptable way for Catholics to have a sexual relationship
- Only acceptable way for Catholics to have children and raise a falimy
2
Q
Marriage
What is the purpose of marriage for Catholics?
A
- Procreation
- The couple can have a life-long relationship of love, companionship and faithfulness
- Enjoy sex with eachother in the way that God wants
- Children can be brought up in a Christian family and become mebers of Christ’s Church
3
Q
Marriage
What does the Catholic Church teach about marriage?
A
- Can only be between one man and one woman (monogamy) - this is how God established marriage whn he created humans
- In the sacrament God joins the couple in a bond that humans have no right to break - marriage is for life
- marriage is not for everyone - God calls some people to a celibate life e.g priests, monks, or nuns
Celibate - living without sex
4
Q
Marriage
What are non-religious attitudes to marriage?
A
- It is up to individuals wether they marry or cohabit
- relationships should be exclusive (one at a time)
- Many marry as it more stability and legal protection, especially if children are involved
- Many have sex before marriage and cohabit
cohabit - living as man and wife without bring married
5
Q
Marriage
What are Catholic responses to non-religious attitudes?
A
Catholic Church teaches…
* to condemn them
* should refrain from sex until Christian marriage
A survey by Linda Woodhead showed that…
* 80% of Catholics are in favour of pre-marital sex
* 90% of Catholics are accepting of cohabitation
6
Q
Marriage
What are some SOWA’s on marriage?
A
Marks Gospel - “But at the beginning of creation God ‘made them male and female… Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
Pope Francis - “The love of a family is the greatest strength of a society.”
7
Q
Sexual relationships
Why does the Catholic Church teach that sex is important?
A
- a gift from God that should be enjoyed by married couples (unitive sex)
- sex was given by God so that children could be brought intio the world (procreation)
8
Q
Sexual relationships
Why does the Catholic Church teach that sexual relationship outside of marriage is wrong?
A
- Bible says that sex outside marriage is sinful
- CCC teaches that pre-marital sex is wrong - God intended sex to be restricted to marriage
- adultery breaks the wedding voes to be faithful
- adultery is prohibited in one of the 10 commandments
9
Q
Sexual relationships
What does the Catholic Church teach about Homosexuality?
A
- not a sin but gay sex is
- gay Chistians should live without any sexual activity
10
Q
Sexual relationship
Why does the Catholic Church reject same sex marriage or civil partnerships?
A
- in their interpretations, the Bible condemns gay sex
- sex should be procreative
- CCC teaches that marriage is for man and woman
11
Q
Sexual relationships
Why does the Church teach that it is sinful to attack and harass gay people?
A
- can’t help their sexual orientation
- everyone shold be respected as we’re all made in the image of God
12
Q
Sexual relationships
What are humanists and athiests attitudes to sexual relationships?
humanists-believe that human beings weren’t created, but instead evolved
A
- accept same sex marriage and cohabitation
- believe sex should be consensual
- between people ‘of age’ and should not involve cheating on a partner
13
Q
Sexual relationships
What are non-religious attitudes to same-sex relationships?
A
- Humanists and most athiests see no problem
- regard peoples sexuality as their concern unless it interferes with other people’s human rights
14
Q
Sexual relationships
What are some SOWA’s on sexual relationships?
A
Genesis 1:28 – “Be fruitful and multiply.”
Pope Francis - ‘The Joy of Life’ “There are absolutely no grounds for considering homosexual unions to be in any way similar or even remotely analogous to God’s plan for marriage and family.”
15
Q
Families
What does the Church teach Cathloic parents have the duty to do?
A
- ensure that the physical and material needs of the children are met
- instil moral values into their children so that they can become responsible citizens
- bring them up in the Catholic faith so they can become Catholic adults
16
Q
Families
Why is family life important for Catholics?
A
- one of the main purposes of Catholic marriage is to have children and bring them up in a secure and loving Christian enviroment
- the Church teaches that family was created by God as the basic** unit of society**
- family is where the children learn the difference between right and wrong
- where children are introduced to faith
17
Q
Families
What are the main types of families in the 21st century?
A
- Nuclear - mother, father and children as a unit
- Single parent - 25% of all families in the UK due to rise of divorce
- Same-sex - headed by 2 men or women
- extended - 3 generations (parents, children and grandparents)
- blended - 2 seperate families joined together, also more common due to rise in divorce
18
Q
Families
What are the Catholic responses to different types of families?
A
- Both nuclear and extended can live within Catholic law
- Single-parent need help and are not sinful, so should receive help from the Catholic Church
- Disapproves of same-sex - families should be headed by a married man and woman
- Disapproves of blended because the church doesn’t allow divorce or remarriage
- Disapproves of families headed by cohabiting couples
19
Q
Families
What are non-religious ideas about family?
A
- Most families in the UK are not religious
- family is important regardless of religion
- children should be brought up safely and securely and moral values passed on
20
Q
Families
What are some SOWA’s on Families
A
CCC – “The family is the original cell of social life.”
Pope Francis - “The family is the place where parents become their children’s first teachers in the faith.”
21
Q
Support for the family in the local parish
How does the parish try to help families?
A
- most have a local church primary and secondary school connected to them providing Christian along with normal education
- Many Churches are becoming more family friendly, which help unite the family - often children have their own Liturgy of The Word
- Parishes also help families through rites of passage - priests give advice before baptism and run classes before Holy Communion
22
Q
Support for the family in the local parish
Why do parishes try to help families?
A
- they have a duty to help children who have been baptised in the Church
- responsibility to assist families raise children to love God and follow Jesus
- If parish does not help the family, Christianity will not grow
23
Q
Support for the family in the local parish
What are some SOWA’s for support for the family in the local parish?
A
Galatians 6:2 – “Carry each other’s burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ.”
Marks Gospel (Jesus said) - “Let the children come to me, and do not hinder them, for the kingdom of God belongs to such as these”
24
Q
Contraception
What do Catholics believe about artificial methods of contraception?
A
are against God’s intentions:
25
# Contraception
**Why** do Catholics believe **artificial contraception** goes **against God's intentions?**
* **Pope Pauls Vl's** encyclical **Humane Vitae** declare that only **natural** methods of contraception are **allowable**
* **artificial** methods of birth control seperate the **unitive** and **procreative** aspects of sex
* some contraceptives have **abortificial effects** and so are **against the teachings of the church**
26
# Contraception
What is the **natural method** of **contraception?**
**reducing** the chance of **becoming pregnant** by planning sex around the most **infertile** times during the **womans monthly cycle**
27
# Contraception
What is **artificial contraception?**
something that enables a couple to have sex without conception occurring
28
# Contraception
What **percentage of Uk** use some sort of **artificial contraception**?
**estimated 90%** of the sexually active population
29
# Contraception
Why do **most non-Catholics Christians** believe all forms of contraception are **permissible?**
* Christianity is about **love and justice** - contraception **improves women's health** and **raises the standards of living** for children as families are smaller
* not wrong to **seperate** sex from **enjoyment** and **making children**
* nothing in the **Bible forbids** the use of contraception
30
# Contraception
What are **non-religious** attitudes to **contraception?**
* Are **in favour** of all forms of contraception because - assess the **rights and wrongs** of birth control by looking at its consequenses
* **use ethical** theories to argue that **contraception is a good thing** - provides **protection** against STD's, **reduce** the needs of **unsafe abortion** and improve **womens health** and **well-being**
31
# Contraception
How do **Catholics respond** to **non-religious attitudes?**
* Catholic Church issued statements that Catholic couples must **only use natural forms** of contraception
* Church **opposes issuing free condoms** to prevent the spread of STD's
* Ordinary Catholics seem to have **accepted non-religious attitudes**
32
# Contraception
What are some **SOWA's** on **contraception?**
**Genesis 1:28** – "Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it"
**Humanae Vitae (1968)** - Every sexual act in marriage must remain open to the possibility of creating life
33
# Divorce and remmariage
What are some **Catholic teachings** on **divorce?**
* Church **doesn't allow divorce**
* Does **allow legal seperation** and **civil divorce**, however the couples are **still married in the eyes of the Lord** and so **cannot remarry**
34
# Divorce and remmariage
What is **annulment, what does this mean?**
**legal decleration** that the marriage was never a **true marriage**
the partners are able to **remarry**
35
# Divorce and remmariage
What are some reasons the **Catholic Church** allows for an **annulment?**
* the marriage was never **consummated**
* the marriage was not a **true Christian marriage** - one of the partners was not baptised
* one of the spouse **concealed important things**
36
# Divorce and remmariage
What do most **other Christians** think about divorce, why?
* **Wrong** but **allow** if the marriage was **broken down**
* **Jesus** allowed divorce in **Matthew 19:9** for a partners adultery
* Christians are allowed **forgiveness and a new chance**
* better to divorce **than live in hatred**
37
# Divorce and remmariage
What are **non-religious** attitudes to **Divorce and remmariage?**
* believe that all married couples **have right to divorce** if they feel the marriage has failed
* divorce should make sure the spouses are **treated equally**
* **have the right to remarry**
38
# Divorce and remmariage
How do **Catholics** respond to **non-religious** attitudes?
* **rejects it**
* teaches that non-catholic attitudes are **responsible** for the breakdown of family life in modern society
* however Pope Francis has indicated that the Church **should adopt a more loving approach** to Catholics who have remarried
39
# Divorce and remmariage
What are some **SOWA's** on **Divorce and remmariage?**
**Mark 10:9** – “Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate”
**Matthew 19**– divorce is wrong unless one of the partners has been unfaithful
40
# Equality of men and women in the family
What does the **Catholic Church** teach about **Equality of men and women in the family?**
* men and women have **equal status** in the eyes of God
* however, it also teaches they have **different qualities**
41
# Equality of men and women in the family
What are **other Christian** attitudes on **Equality of men and women in the family?**
many **Evangelical Protestants** teach...
* that it's the role of women to bring up children and run a Christian home
* women must not speak in Church and submit to their husband
* it is the role of men to provide for the family
This is based on **St Paul's teaching in Timothy**
42
# Equality of men and women in the family
What are **non-religious attitudes** on **Equality of men and women in the family?**
**athiests**, much like the general non-religious population, believe that men and women are equal and have equal roles
43
# Equality of men and women in the family
What are some **SOWA's** on **Equality of men and women in the family?**
**Genesis 1:27** – “So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them”
**Ephesians 5:21** – “Submit to one another out of reverence for Christ.
44
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
Why does the **Catholic Church** oppose **Gender prejudce and discrimination?**
* **Genesis 1** that **men** and **women** were created in the **image of God**
* the **CCC teaches** that men and women are equal
45
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
Who was **Mary Robinson** and **what did she do?**
**former president of Ireland**
**campaigned** for an **end to discrimination** in **Ireland**
46
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
What happened as a result of **Mary Robinson's** work?
* Irish women can serve on juries
* divorce was legalised in Ireland
* contraception was legalised in Ireland
* homosexuality was legalised in Ireland
47
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
What are **other Christians** attitudes on **Gender prejudce and discrimination?**
**Evangelical Protestants:**
* men and women have different roles so cannot have equal rights
**Liberal Protestants:**
* oppose Gender prejudce and discrimination as St Paul taught God was niether male or female
* also Jesus treated women as his equals
48
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
What are **non-religious** attitudes on **Gender prejudce and discrimination?**
* **most athiest** and **all humanists** believe that men and women are **equal** and should have **equal rights**
* humanists believe it is **wrong** for religion to be able to **discriminate against women**
49
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
Why was the **Catholic Church** **accused** of **gender discrimination?**
not allowing women priests
50
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
How did the **Church respond** to the accusations?
it's not discriminitory because the priest stands in the **place of Jesus - a man**
men and women are equal but their **sexuality is not interchangable** - people's genders are **not an accident**
Jesus chose **12 men and no women** to be his apostles
51
# Gender prejudce and discrimination
What are some **SOWA's** on **Gender prejudce and discrimination?**
**Genesis 1:27** – “So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them.”
**CCC** says that only men can be priests because **Jesus chose men as his apostles**
