family and community Flashcards
define family
family that consists of people (blood- related or not) that share connections with each other and raise us as well as influencing our identity and life values
define the ACD glossary definition of family
two or more persons, one of whom is 15yrs old, who are related by blood, marriage, step/fostering and who are usually resident in the same household.
name the types of structure
- adoptive
- blended
- childless
- communal
- de facto
- extended
- foster
- nuclear
- same-sex
- sole parent
- kinship
describe adoption family structure
- adoption is an option whereby permanent care is provided for children who are unable to live with their birth family
- legal process (all legal rights and responsibility is transferred from birth to adoptive parents)
describe blended family structure
- couple family that contains biological and step children or parents
- family experiences seperation/divorce children need to deal with the negativity of family break up
- conflict may occur due to when values and expectations varies between biological and step parents
describe a childless family
- a couple with no family
- could be temporary stage, child left home or dead
- may have little desire to be parents due to economics and emotional demands
describe de facto family structure
- couple that live together but aren’t married
- more prevalent as the trend to live together prior to marriage
- moving with partner becomes advantageous financially, emotionally and physically
describe extended family structure
includes one core family and another relative/s (grandparents, cousin’s, etc.)
in migrant group, children are more taught to look after their elders.
western culture, grandparents may live separately but still care for children as parents work
describe the foster family structure
results a family looking after non-biological children for short/long term care. parents need to provide a safe, nurturing and stable environment t for the foster child. don’t have legal rights over child to make decisions (education, etc.)
foster children may have experienced death, family issues, abuse, etc. hence reasons why they need to be placed in foster care
describe the nuclear family structure
viewed as heterosexual couple and their offspring - reduced number of people living in family norm (common family structure)
describe same sex couple family structure
two people of same sex in a relationship living either with or without children.
lesbians are more likely to have children than gay male couples
describe sole parent family structure
consist a lone parent with a child living in the same household. this can be due to divorce, death, etc.
this provides the parent to take all roles and responsibilities; finances, domestic labour, child-rearing, etc.
describe kinship family structure
consists of adults and children moving between households (cousins may go to ur house for a while and then leave to go back to their own house)
this often occurs between australian aboriginal families
what are three roles that individuals adopt within families and communities?
- specific need
- building relationships
- promoting wellbeing
importance of building relationships in families?
children should feel sense of belonging from parents as well as shaping their qualities to carry into future relationships
relationships between family members are characterised by…
- showing respect for others
- having trust and confidence in each other
- sharing purpose or intentions
- being open and honest in communication
define community
- a group of people with a common background or shared interests within society who may live in a similar area
what is the geographical profile for a suitable environment for the development of community
- attractive surroundings (parks, beach, etc)
- area easy to walk or get around
- access to local services (shops, school, etc)
- sense of belonging
people may form communities based on..
- culture
- religion
- politics
- business
- sport
- leisure
- music
reasons for community formation
making a common ground for people to satisfy their needs and wants through activities with other people or just shared interest/purpose
what is primary research
- original research in which questions asked lead to elicit data
how can data be collected as a primary research method
- questionnaires
- surveys
- interviews
- observation
purpose of questionnaires or surveys
seek info about persons knowledge, beliefs, feelings, opinions, like and dislikes
what are some aspects of a reliable question used in research
- easy to understand
- clear and simple language
- ask only one question at a time
- listed in logical order
what are closed questions
questions that only have limited responses which are easier to collect and interpret
(what is ur martial status: married, divorce, widowed, never married)
what are open-ended questions
an open response that is not guided by the researcher (writing their own answer to the question)
what are examples of quantitative data in numerical form
- graphs (bars, line or pie)
- tables with statistics or percentages
what are advantages of questionnaires
- questions can be designed for qualitative and quantitative data
- avoids interviewer bias
- each respondent given equal opportunity to respond to each question
- data can be collected from a large group in short time
- quantitative data easy to interpret
what are the disadvantages of questionnaires
- amount of info collected can be limited
- questions may be mis communicated towards responder
- requires responders to have literacy skills
- an unanswered question can create bias
- researcher have to wait for respondent to return
- qualitative data may be difficult to compare
name the four levels of community organisation
- local
- state
- national
- global
description of LOCAL government orgainsation
based in particular city, town or rural area - they have the power to make the laws applying to the area
description of STATE government organisation
- responsible for the star only and have the power to manage laws only to that state
description of NATIONAL government organisation
involves all australians (decision making of laws impact the whole population)
description of GLOBAL government organisation
- difficult to define as boundries aren’t clear and responsibility may vary depending on issue
describe the decision making in communities
community leaders/ officers consider how to satisfy an individuals needs and wants hence the decisions they make will affect the interests of community members
(placing roundabout at certain intersections)
describe the legislation decision making
- responsible for making and altering laws
- government control
- laws (bills) are debated and voted on
- laws create when both houses of parliament agree
describe the environmental influences on decision making
- decisions on the availability of resources are made after considering the impact it will have on the environment
- communities value the conflicts in their decision making if it has negative effect on environment
describe the lobbying influences on decision making
- occurs when group of people try to influence the decisions of local, state and federal policy makers
- sending emails or letters
- protest rallies
- creating banners
describe the protesting influence on decision making
- protest is a declaration of dissatisfaction
- people can exercise their right to communicate their opinions and ideas to persuade and prevent certain behaviours/laws
what are the five decision making processes
- arbitration
- consensus
- election
- voting
- referendum
describe the arbitration process
- resolve dispute
- evidence presented and discussion between parties
- decision is legally binding
describe the consensus process
- aims to include everyone in the decision making
- opinions discussed
- objections resolved
- agreements without votes
describe election process
- gives individuals to express their views and be involved in voting
- choice may be public or private
describe the voting process
formal expression of individuals choice on decision making
describe the referendum process
aims to include all adults in an electorate decision making for important policy proposal
name the types of change
- internal
- external
- permanent
- temporary
- planned
- unplanned
what is the nature and impact of internal change
change that happens in the group in terms of size, structure and roles
family: marriage, divorce, adoption, birth, change of address
community: refer to family
what is the nature and impact of EXTERNAL change
change in wider community that influences family function
(family: economic, technology, demographic, legal change, environmental change, etc)
community: refer to family
CHECK PAGE 94
explore nature and impact of PLANNED CHANGE
change that occurs with prior knowledge (decision making)
family: retirement, marriage, child attending university, adult child/aged parents moving in
community: population growth or reduction influence the diversity of services available
explore the nature and impact of UNPLANNED change
change that is unexpected (can not prepare in advance)
family: death of family, illness, unplanned pregnancy, unemployment
community: unnatural disasters (gas explosions, bombings, contamination) natural and natural disasters
explore the nature and impact of TEMPORARY change
change lasts for unspecified time (possible return to routine)
family: terrible illness or young adult moving back in home to save money
community: seasonal employment
explore the nature and impact of PERMANENT change
a change that lasts forever
family: death, divorce, parenthood, serious injury
community: infrastructure change, new services and drought
what are the types of support
informal and formal
define socialisation
process by which individuals learn and recognise certain patterns of behaviour expected of them by society
what are the stages of lifespan
CHECK PAGE 100
- infancy
- childhood
- adolescents
- adulthood
- aged
what are some influences on socialisation
READ PAGE 109
- relatives
- peers
- paid careers
- health professionals
- online network
- media
- print and digital info
