Family

Question 1

endogamy

Answer 1

marriage within one’s social group (race, ethnicity, class, education, religion)

Question 2

exogamy

Answer 2

marriage to someone from a different social group

Question 3

monogamy

Answer 3

marrying one person at a time

Question 4

polygamy

Answer 4

marriage system that allows multiple spouses at a time
- polygyny: men have many wives
- polyandry: women have many husbands

Question 5

nuclear family vs extended family

Answer 5

nuclear = father, mother, children
extended = beyond nuclear family and beyond the home

Question 6

preindustrial families

Answer 6

• operated like a small business
• home was a site for work, family all involved
• no distinction between work and home

Question 7

postindustrial families

Answer 7

• created division between work and home
• men associated with earning waged work
• women associated with managing the household and children
• gendered division of labor

Question 8

family after WWII

Answer 8

• nuclear family became the model in response to economic boom after the war
• mostly attainable by white upper/middle-class families

Question 9

marriage trends

Answer 9

• no longer important
• still respected and desired
• been deinstitutionalized (more optional and negotiable)

Question 10

US highest marriage and divorce rates?

Answer 10

2 competing cultural models: marriage and individualism

Question 11

premarital cohabitation effect

Answer 11

those who cohabit are more likely to struggle in marriage (lowers people’s esteem for marriage and increases acceptance of divorce)

Question 12

domestic violence

Answer 12

• higher in rural areas
• hard for people to leave relationships

Question 13

his vs her marriage

Answer 13

how marriage is experienced depends on whether you’re the wife or husband
- benefits men more than women

Question 14

the stalled revolution

Answer 14

women made great gains in labor force, but men did not move equally into feminine roles like housework

Question 15

second shift

Answer 15

housework/childcare that is expected of married women after their first shift of paid employment

Question 16

why is there a gender gap in housework?

Answer 16

• time availability
• power dependency
• gender perspective

Question 17

motherhood penalty

Answer 17

mothers judged to be less competent, committed, worthy of promotion, likely to be hired

Question 18

fatherhood bonus

Answer 18

fathers judged to be more committed, promotable, likely to be hired, etc

Question 19

motherhood penalty solutions

Answer 19

• paid maternity leave