Families and households

Question 1

Define demography

Answer 1

The study of the human population

Question 2

Define household

Answer 2

A group of people living at the same address

Question 3

What is the fertility age?

Answer 3

15-45

Question 4

What is the instrumental role?

Answer 4

The bread winner within the family

Question 5

What is the expressive role?

Answer 5

The emotional support within the family

Question 6

What is Parsons warm bath theory?

Answer 6

the idea that when a man came home from a hard day at work, he could relax into is family like a warm bath and it would take away the stress and refresh him for the next day’s work.

Question 7

What is a criticism of Parsons Warm Bath theory?

Answer 7

He ignores family diversity, single parents can’t fulfil this.

Question 8

What’s the current trend around divorce?

Answer 8

Divorce rates are increasing

Question 9

What are the reasons for higher divorce rates?

Answer 9

Secularisation, higher expectations of marriage and rising positions of women

Question 10

How do feminists view marriage?

Answer 10

They see marriage as exploitation of women

Question 11

What type of family do the New Right believe is the only acceptable type?

Answer 11

The nuclear family.

Question 12

Who came up with the concept of the symmetrical family?

Answer 12

Young and Willmott

Question 13

What does a symmetrical family entail?

Answer 13

Household and labour are split equally among both partners.

Question 14

What are the four types of feminists?

Answer 14

Liberal, radical, Marxist and difference

Question 15

What type of feminists believe capitalism exploits women?

Answer 15

Marxists

Question 16

What percentage of women work?

Answer 16

70%

Question 17

What is one positive law change according to liberal feminists?

Answer 17

The Equal Pay Act

Question 18

When was the equal pay act introduced?

Answer 18

1970

Question 19

What is a social construction?

Answer 19

Something that exists as a result of human interaction:

Question 20

What is an example of a social construction?

Answer 20

Childhood

Question 21

Who argued that childhood is a social construction?

Answer 21

Wagg

Question 22

Who argues childhood started in the 17th century?

Answer 22

Aries

Question 23

How did Aries explore childhood?

Answer 23

Through paintings

Question 24

Who argued childhood did exist in the Middle Ages just in a different way to how we know it today?

Answer 24

Pollock

Question 25

How are the infant morality, birth and death rates worked out?

Answer 25

Number of people/babies (..) per 1000

Question 26

What do personal life sociologists believe?

Answer 26

in order to understand families, we must start from the point of view of the individuals concerned and the meanings they give to their relationships.

Question 27

What do functionalist believe?

Answer 27

Functionalists see the family as a particularly important institution because it as the ‘basic building block’ of society which performs the crucial functions of socialising the young and meeting the emotional needs of its members. Stable families underpin social order and economic stability.

Question 28

What is a common criticism of the functionalist perspective?

Answer 28

They have rose tinted glasses

Question 29

How do Marxist view the family?

Answer 29

Marxists see the family as performing several functions that maintain capitalist society: the inheritance of private property, socialisation into acceptance of inequality, and a source of profits. In the Marxist view, while these may benefit capitalism, they do not benefit the members of the family.

Question 30

How do the new right view the family?

Answer 30

it is important for children to have a stable home, with married mother and father, and that ideally the wife should be able to stay at home to look after the children.

Question 31

How do feminists view the family?

Answer 31

Feminists argue that the so-called private realms of family, sex and reproduction must be part of the political realm and thus subject to principles of justice for three distinct reasons: Families are not “natural” orderings, but social institutions backed up by laws.

Question 32

Which family type has many generations but not many members within each generation?

Answer 32

beanpole

Question 33

Who believes childhood is disappearing?

Answer 33

Postman

Question 34

What perspective believes that family is disappearing, leading to the downfall of society?

Answer 34

The new right

Question 35

What is the general trend in births since 1900?

Answer 35

Decline

Question 36

Who said childhood is toxic?

Answer 36

Sue Palmer

Question 37

How is childhood toxic?

Answer 37

• Junkfood
• Lack of parental engagement
• Video games and technology

Question 38

What does the triple shift refer to?

Answer 38

Paid, emotional and domestic labour.

Question 39

What is a social norm?

Answer 39

Unwritten rules of behaviour

Question 40

How often is the UK consensus completed?

Answer 40

Every 10 years

Question 41

What does the ‘dark side of family’ refer to?

Answer 41

Domestic and child abuse

Question 42

What is the neo-conventional family?

Answer 42

Dual income, but traditional roles at home

Question 43

What does Murdock believe to be the 4 functions of the family?

Answer 43

sexual, socialisation, economic, reproductive

Question 44

What term describes how society focuses on childrens needs?

Answer 44

child centric

Question 45

What is the march of progress?

Answer 45

How society is increasingly getting better for children.

Question 46

What are segregated conjugal roles?

Answer 46

When couples have separate roles