Falls history

Question 1

What information about the fall(s) itself should be asked?

Answer 1

If this was the first, and if not how many have happened before?
What happened before, during (try to identify cause of fall) and after
If consciousness was lost
If any injuries were sustained

Question 2

Reason for conducting a thorough systems review in a falls history

Answer 2

To identify risk factors for falls

Question 3

Neurological/ENT/opthalmology system review- ask about

Answer 3

Visual problems
Instability of gait
? delirium/dementia (e.g. memory loss)
syncope
Dizziness

Question 4

MSK review- ask about

Answer 4

Joint pain
Muscle pain
Bone pain
Fractures
Periods of immobility

Question 5

Cardio review- ask about

Answer 5

Dizziness/syncope
Chest pain
Palpitations
Shortness of breath

Question 6

Endocrine causes for falls

Answer 6

Peripheral neuropathy
Polyuria,nocturia
Retinopathy
Hypoglycaemia

Question 7

What is an independent risk factor for falls?

Answer 7

Polypharmacy- 5 or more drugs

Question 8

Aspects of social history to ask about

Answer 8

Living situation and environment
Activities of daily living
Mobility
Alcohol
Footwear

Question 9

Tests which can be used to specifically assess falls risk

Answer 9

Timed up and go test

turn 180 degrees test