fallacy

Question 1

Fallacy

Answer 1

Defects that weaken arguments.

Question 2

Hasty generalization

Answer 2

Making assumptions about a whole group or range of cases based on a sample that is inadequate
Ex: wealthy people are snobs

Question 3

Missing the point

Answer 3

The premises of an argument to support a particular conclusion but not the conclusion that the arguer actually drawso

Question 4

Past Hoc (false cause)

Answer 4

Example: if a register for a class and my name later appears on the roll, its true that the first event causes the one that came later. But sometimes 2 events that seem related aren’t really related as cause and effect

Question 5

Slippery slope

Answer 5

The arguer claims that a sort of chain reaction, usually ending in some dire consequence, will take place, but there’s really not enouth evidence for that assumption.

Question 6

Weak analogy

Answer 6

Many arguments rely on analogy between 2 or more objects, ideas, or situations. If the 2 things are being compared aren’t really alike in the relevant respects, the analogy is the weak one and the argument that relies on it is the fallacy of weak analogy

Question 7

Appeal to authority

Answer 7

When we try to get readers to agree with us simply by impressing them with a famous name or by appealing to a supposed authority who really isn’t much of an expert

Question 8

Ad populum

Answer 8

The arguer takes advantage of the desire most people have to be liked and fit in with others and uses that desire to try to get the audience to accept the argument

Question 9

Ad hominem and te quoque

Answer 9

“you shouldn’t believe so and so’s argument”. In ad hominem, arguer usually tries to attack their opponent instead of the opponent’s argument

Question 10

Appeal to pity

Answer 10

Takes place when an arguer tries to get people to accept a conclusion by making you feel sorry for them

Question 11

Appeal to ignorance

Answer 11

The arguer basically says “look there’s no conclusive evidence on the issue at hand. Therefore, you should accept my conclusion on this issue.”

Question 12

Straw man

Answer 12

The arguer sets up a weak version of the opponent’s position and tries to score points by knocking it down.

Question 13

Red herring

Answer 13

Partway through an argument, the arguer goes off an tangent, raising a side issue that distracts the audience from what is really at stake

Question 14

Appeal to force

Answer 14

This argument uses force, the threat of force, or some other unpleasant backlash to make the audience accept a conclusion.

Question 15

Genetic fallacy

Answer 15

the claim that an idea, product, or person must be untrustworthy because of its racial, geographic, or ethnic origin.

Question 16

Personal attack

Answer 16

Attacking or praising the people who make an argument, rather than discussing the argument itself