fallacies of relevance Flashcards
This argument uses forces, threat of force, or some other unpleasant backlash to make the audience accept a conclusion
appeal to force
the claim that an idea, product, or person must be trustworthy because of its racial, geographic, or ethnic origin
genetic fallacy
attacking or praising the people who make an argument, rather than discussing the argument itself
personal attack
subcategory that argues that proposals are false or dangerous because they originate with christians, muslims, feminists, etc
personal attack: abusive
subcategory arguing that an opponent should reject an argument because of circumstances in his or her life
personal attack: circumstantial
using an appeal to the popular assent, often by arousing the feelings and enthusiasm of the multitude rather than building an argument
argumentation and populum
type of argumentation and populum; “everybody’s doing it”
bandwagon approach
type of argumentation and populum; asserts that a certain stance is true or correct because it is somehow patriotic, and those that disagree are unpatriotic
patriotic approach
type of argumentation and populum; “all the best people are doing it”, implied that anyone who fails to recognize the truth of the author’s assertion is not an intellectual
snob approach
This line of thought asserts that a premise must be true because people have always believed it or done it
appeal to tradition
an appeal to a famous person or a source that may not be reliable; appeal to improper authority
appeal to improper authority
an emotional appeal concerning what should be a logical issue during a debate
appeal to emotion
asserting that an argument must be false because the implications of it being true would create negative results
argument from adverse consequences
asserting that opponents argument must be false because you personally don’t understand if it can’t follow its technicalities
argument from personal incredulity
