Fallacies

Question 1

equivocation

Answer 1

lexical ambiguity

Question 2

amphiboly

Answer 2

grammatical ambiguity

Question 3

accent

Answer 3

stress ambiguity

Question 4

weasel words

Answer 4

ambiguous claim

Question 5

emotive language

Answer 5

evokes emotions

Question 6

composition

Answer 6

part of whole is true, so whole is true

Question 7

division

Answer 7

whole is true, so part of whole is true

Question 8

petitio principii

Answer 8

circular reasoning

Question 9

complex question

Answer 9

answer needs explaining

Question 10

argumentum ad populum

Answer 10

playing to the people

Question 11

argumentum ad misercordiam

Answer 11

appeal to pity

Question 12

argumentum ad hominem

Answer 12

personal attack

Question 13

argumentum ad baculum

Answer 13

threat/warning of violence

Question 14

argumentum ad crumenam

Answer 14

threat/warning of financial loss

Question 15

irrelevant conclusion

Answer 15

doesn’t follow from the premises

Question 16

tu quoque

Answer 16

‘and you!’

Question 17

wrong/weak analogy

Answer 17

-

Question 18

accident

Answer 18

general rule does not apply to specific case

Question 19

hasty generalisation

Answer 19

too few examples to prove point

Question 20

false cause

Answer 20

-

Question 21

post hoc ergo propter hoc

Answer 21

reason doesn’t lead to conclusion

Question 22

fallacy of ignorance

Answer 22

can’t be (dis)proven so it (doesn’t) exist(s)

Question 23

naturalistic fallacy

Answer 23

what is found in nature is good

Question 24

slippery slope

Answer 24

allowing reasonable thing leads to extreme version

Question 25

ad verecundiam

Answer 25

appeal to false authority

Question 26

all natural fallacy

Answer 26

members of same family are the same

Question 27

appeal to popularity

Answer 27

others can do it, so i can do it

Question 28

reductio ad absurdum

Answer 28

premise is unbelievable

Question 29

fallacy of antecedent

Answer 29

it (didn’t) happen(ed) before, so it (never) will happen (again)

Question 30

unit fallacy

Answer 30

two inequal things are compared

Question 31

misinterpreting the evidence

Answer 31

examples don’t support conclusion

Question 32

false dilemma

Answer 32

given two choices when there are more

Question 33

complex cause

Answer 33

one cause gets the blame when there are many causes

Question 34

tautology

Answer 34

same thing gets repeated in different words

Question 35

red herring

Answer 35

switching issues midargument to throw off audience

Question 36

straw man

Answer 36

switching to easier topic