fallacies 4

Question 1

ad hominem

Answer 1

an irrelevant attack on an opponent rather than on the opponent’s evidence or arguments
ex; rush limbaugh calling obama obama osama

Question 2

guilt by association

Answer 2

when we judge someone guilty solely on the basis of the company that person keeps

Question 3

two wrongs make a right

Answer 3

justifying a wrong by pointing out a similar wrong made by others

Question 4

common practice

Answer 4

when we justify something because we have commonly engaged in it

Question 5

traditional wisedom

Answer 5

when we justify a wrong because that’s the way things have always been done

Question 6

irrelevant reason

Answer 6

trying to prove something with evidence that is or comes close to being irrelevant

Question 7

equivocation

Answer 7

using a term or expression in an argument in one sense in one place, and using it in another sense in another

Question 8

appeal to ignorance;

Answer 8

arguing that the failure to find evidence refuting a claim justifies believing that it is true.

Question 9

composition

Answer 9

assuming an item has a certain property because all or most of its parts have that property

Question 10

division

Answer 10

assuming that all or most parts of an item have a property because the whole has it. ex: all hotels in a large hotel are large

Question 11

slippery slope

Answer 11

Accepting a claim that a particular action must be avoided because, if takem, it would lead to another action, and another—