fallacies Flashcards
learning terms
What is a Fallacy?
An argument that contains bad reasoning.
What is an informal fallacy?
Informal fallacies are bad because of their content
What is a formal fallacy?
Formal fallacies are bad because of their structure
what is Begging the question?
An argument relies on its own conclusion as evidence, rather than providing independent support.
What is a fallacy fallacy
occurs when someone dismisses an argument as false simply because it contains a fallacy
What is affirming the consequent?
It happens when someone assumes that if the outcome (consequent) is true, then the cause (antecedent) must also be true
what is Denying the antecedent?
fallacy that happens in “if-then” statements
Genetic fallacy
when one argues that the origin of an idea is a reason for rejecting (or accepting) that idea.
Ad Hominem
Attacking the person
Straw figure
when someone purposely misrepresents another argument in order to create an easier argument to attack
Red herring
introduces an irrelevant topic.
Appeal to authority
fallacy is committed when one appeals to a unqualified authority in support of one’s claim.
Appel to force
when one uses a threat to compel an argument
Appeal to popularity
when one uses popularity of a belief as a reason to affirm its truth
Equivocation
using a word the same word in two different ways.
