FALLACIES

Question 1

______ often take the form of statements that are either claims of facts and are phrased in such a way that they seem reasonable.

Answer 1

Arguments

Question 2

However, a number of arguments may be based on faulty reasoning. These kinds of arguments are called ______

Answer 2

fallacies

Question 3

attacking the person presenting the argument instead of the argument itself

Answer 3

Ad hominem

Question 4

Of course he believes that the government is flawed, he is a rebel and a Communist!”

Answer 4

ad hominem

Question 5

using the threat of force or an undesirable event to advance an argument

Answer 5

appeal to force

Question 6

using emotions such as pity or sympathy

Answer 6

appeal to emotion

Question 7

the idea is presented as acceptable because a lot of people accept it

Answer 7

appeal to the popular

Question 8

the idea is acceptable because it has been true for a long time

Answer 8

appeal to tradition

Question 9

assuming the thing or idea to be proven is true; also known as “circular argument”

Answer 9

begging the question

Question 10

assuming a “cause-and- effect” relationship between unrelated events

Answer 10

cause-and-effect

Question 11

assuming that what is true of a part is true for the whole

Answer 11

fallacy of composition

Question 12

assuming that what is true for the whole is true for its parts

Answer 12

fallacy of division