fallacies

Question 1

Formal fallacies

Answer 1

affirming the consequent
denying the antecedent

Question 2

irrelevant premises

Answer 2

feel like they’re giving a reason when they are not

Question 3

insulting the other person

Answer 3

ad hominem abusive

Question 4

discredit a person by suggesting they have something to gain

Answer 4

ad hominem circumstantial

Question 5

“and you as well”, calling them a hypocrite

Answer 5

ad hominem tu quoque

Question 6

arguments that claim the trust or falsity of a conclusion is solely a matter of its origin

Answer 6

genetic fallacy

Question 7

tell ourselves we are right or moral because others do it all the time or do it to us

Answer 7

two (or more) wrongs make a right

Question 8

threaten the listener / reader, bullying / blackmail

Answer 8

appeal to force

Question 9

trying to elicit a strong emotional response (often pity or fear)

Answer 9

appeal to emotion

Question 10

appeal to popularity (peer pressure)
appeal to vanity (approval of others)
appeal to snobbery (top tier person)

Answer 10

ad populum

Question 11

this is the way you (or your people) have always done it so you should too

Answer 11

appeal to tradition

Question 12

present a caricature of someones view and then attack it

Answer 12

straw man

Question 13

arguer changes the topic to deflect by raising an irrelevant issue

Answer 13

red herring

Question 14

since we can’t prove X is true, X is false

Answer 14

appeal to ignorance

Question 15

attributes or characteristics belonging to A PART is incorrectly transferred to the WHOLE

Answer 15

composition

Question 16

attributes or characteristics belonging to a WHOLE are incorrectly transferred to INDIVIDUAL PARTS

Answer 16

division

Question 17

conclusion depends on a shift in meaning of one of the words

Answer 17

equivocation

Question 18

arguer misinterprets an ambitious claim & draws conclusion based on faulty interpretation

Answer 18

amphiboly

Question 19

applying a general rule to a specific case it was never intended to cover

Answer 19

fallacy of accident

Question 20

unacceptable premises

Answer 20

relevant to conclusion, something else has gone wrong

Question 21

arguer assumes what they are trying to prove

Answer 21

begging the question

Question 22

options are presented as exhausted & mutually exclusive when they are not

Answer 22

false dilemma

Question 23

conclusion depends on unlikely chain reaction of events

Answer 23

slippery slope

Question 24

a general conclusion is drawn from an atypical instance

Answer 24

hasty generalization

Question 25

conclusion depends on defective analogy

Answer 25

false analogy

Question 26

arguing that because a definitive line cannot be drawn at some point in a process, there is not difference between the start & end of the process

Answer 26

decision point fallacy

Question 27

arguer leaves out crucial information that would serve as a defeater or major qualifier

Answer 27

suppressed evidence