Fall Final

Question 1

Define Excretion

Answer 1

The process of removing wastes

Question 2

Define Homeostasis

Answer 2

Ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite changing external conditions

Question 3

Define Anatiomical Position

Answer 3

Anatomical reference point, a standard body position in which the body is erect with feet sligtly apart

Question 4

Define Axial part

Answer 4

makes up the main axis of the body-head,neck, trunk

Question 5

Define Serosa

Answer 5

A thin, double layer membrane that covers cavities and organs

Question 6

Define Radiant energy

Answer 6

Energy that travels in waves

Question 7

Define Mass Number

Answer 7

Sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 8

Define Solutions

Answer 8

Homogeneous mixtures of componets

Question 9

Define Exergonic

Answer 9

Reactions that release energy

Question 10

Define Electrolyte

Answer 10

Substances that conduct an electrial current in solution

Question 11

Define Disaccharide

Answer 11

Formed when two monosachariddes are joined

Question 12

Define Isomer

Answer 12

Have the same molecular formula but atoms are arranged differently

Question 13

Define Lipids

Answer 13

Organic polymers that are insoluble in water

Question 14

Define Enzymes

Answer 14

Globular proteins that act as a biological catalysts

Question 15

Define Interstitial fluid

Answer 15

Fluid that bathesthe exterior of cells

Question 16

Define Glycolipids

Answer 16

Lipids in plasma membrane with attached sugar groups

Question 17

Define Isotonic solutions

Answer 17

Has the same concentration of solutes as in the cell

Question 18

Define Solute pumps

Answer 18

Move solutes against a concentration gradient

Question 19

Define Ligands

Answer 19

Chemicals that bind specifically to plasma membrane receptors

Question 20

Define Ribosomes

Answer 20

Organelle that synthesizes proteins

Question 21

Define Free radicals

Answer 21

Highly reactive chemicals with unpaired electrons

Question 22

Define Gene

Answer 22

Segments of DNA that carries information for one polypeptide

Question 23

Define Apoptosis

Answer 23

Programmed cell death

Question 24

Define Phagocytosis

Answer 24

“Cell eating”

Question 25

Define Promoter

Answer 25

Special DNA sequence that contains the start point

Question 26

Define Histology

Answer 26

The study of tissues

Question 27

Define Epithelium

Answer 27

Cells taht cover surfaces and line cavities

Question 28

Define Apical surface

Answer 28

Upper free surface of epithelia

Question 29

Define Squamous

Answer 29

Flattened, scale-like epithelia

Question 30

Define Exocrine

Answer 30

Glands that secrete products _onto_ body surfaces

Question 31

Define Connective tissue

Answer 31

Most abundant and widely distributed primary tissue

Question 32

Define Hyaline cartilage

Answer 32

Most abundant cartilage in the body

Question 33

Define Interclated discs

Answer 33

Unique junction in cardiac muscle tissue

Question 34

Define Regeneration

Answer 34

Replacement of destroyed tissue with tissue of the same type

Question 35

Define Fibrous

Answer 35

Destroyed tissue is replaced by fibrous connecttive tissue (scar tissue)

Question 36

Define Stratum Grandulosum

Answer 36

Skin layer where keratinization begins

Question 37

Define Melanocytes

Answer 37

Pigement-producing cells

Question 38

Define Arrector pili

Answer 38

Muscles in the dermis that cause goose bumps.

Question 39

Define Apocrine glands

Answer 39

Sweat glands found in the axillary and gential areas

Question 40

Define Canaliculi

Answer 40

Small commmunicating channels that radiate through the bony matrix

Question 41

Define Endosteum

Answer 41

The lining of the marrow cavity

Question 42

Define Osteoclasts

Answer 42

Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix

Question 43

Define Osteoblasts

Answer 43

Cells that can build bony matrix

Question 44

Define Chondrocytes

Answer 44

Mature cartilage cells

Question 45

Define Hematopoiesis

Answer 45

Blood-cell formation

Question 46

Define Humerous

Answer 46

This bone articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Question 47

Define Ulna

Answer 47

Forearm bone that forms the elbow

Question 48

Define Femur

Answer 48

Largest bone in the body.

Question 49

Define Amphiarthroses

Answer 49

Slightly movable joint

Question 50

Define Synathroses

Answer 50

Immovable joints

Question 51

Define Diarthroses

Answer 51

Freely movable joints

Question 52

Define Gomphosis

Answer 52

Also known as peg-in-socket joint

Question 53

Define Suture

Answer 53

Fibrous joint found only in the skull

Question 54

Define Bursae

Answer 54

Sacs lined with synovial membrane,contain synovial fluid

Question 55

Define Synovial

Answer 55

Most joints in the body are ths type, have caivities filled with fluid

Question 56

Define Cacium ions

Answer 56

Serves as the trigger for muslce contraction

Question 57

Define Acetylcholine

Answer 57

Neurotransmitter released at neuromuscular junctions

Question 58

Define Acetylcholinesterase

Answer 58

Destroys acetylcholine

Question 59

Define Isotonic contractions

Answer 59

Contractions in which muscle length changes an moves a load

Question 60

Define Muscle fatigue

Answer 60

State of physiological inability to contract a muscle

Question 61

Define Anaerobic threshold

Answer 61

Point at which muscle metabilism converts to glycolysis

Question 62

Define Hypertrophy

Answer 62

An increase in muscle cell size

Question 63

Define Calmodulin

Answer 63

Caciium binding site in smooth muscle

Question 64

Define Caveolae

Answer 64

Infoldings in smooth muscle that sequester

Question 65

Define Varicosities

Answer 65

Swellings of erve fibers, releaes neurotransmitters in smooth muscles

Question 66

Define Unitary

Answer 66

Most common type of smooth muscle

Question 67

Define Dystrophin

Answer 67

Protein that stabilized the sarcolemma, is defective in DMD

Question 68

Define Myoblasts

Answer 68

Embryonic cells that all three muscle types develop from