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A&P Vocab First Semester > Fall Final > Flashcards

Fall Final Flashcards

1
Q

Define Excretion

A

The process of removing wastes

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2
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

Ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite changing external conditions

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3
Q

Define Anatiomical Position

A

Anatomical reference point, a standard body position in which the body is erect with feet sligtly apart

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4
Q

Define Axial part

A

makes up the main axis of the body-head,neck, trunk

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5
Q

Define Serosa

A

A thin, double layer membrane that covers cavities and organs

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6
Q

Define Radiant energy

A

Energy that travels in waves

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7
Q

Define Mass Number

A

Sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom

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8
Q

Define Solutions

A

Homogeneous mixtures of componets

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9
Q

Define Exergonic

A

Reactions that release energy

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10
Q

Define Electrolyte

A

Substances that conduct an electrial current in solution

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11
Q

Define Disaccharide

A

Formed when two monosachariddes are joined

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12
Q

Define Isomer

A

Have the same molecular formula but atoms are arranged differently

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13
Q

Define Lipids

A

Organic polymers that are insoluble in water

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14
Q

Define Enzymes

A

Globular proteins that act as a biological catalysts

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15
Q

Define Interstitial fluid

A

Fluid that bathesthe exterior of cells

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16
Q

Define Glycolipids

A

Lipids in plasma membrane with attached sugar groups

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17
Q

Define Isotonic solutions

A

Has the same concentration of solutes as in the cell

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18
Q

Define Solute pumps

A

Move solutes against a concentration gradient

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19
Q

Define Ligands

A

Chemicals that bind specifically to plasma membrane receptors

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20
Q

Define Ribosomes

A

Organelle that synthesizes proteins

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21
Q

Define Free radicals

A

Highly reactive chemicals with unpaired electrons

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22
Q

Define Gene

A

Segments of DNA that carries information for one polypeptide

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23
Q

Define Apoptosis

A

Programmed cell death

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24
Q

Define Phagocytosis

A

“Cell eating”

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25
Q

Define Promoter

A

Special DNA sequence that contains the start point

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26
Q

Define Histology

A

The study of tissues

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27
Q

Define Epithelium

A

Cells taht cover surfaces and line cavities

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28
Q

Define Apical surface

A

Upper free surface of epithelia

29
Q

Define Squamous

A

Flattened, scale-like epithelia

30
Q

Define Exocrine

A

Glands that secrete products onto body surfaces

31
Q

Define Connective tissue

A

Most abundant and widely distributed primary tissue

32
Q

Define Hyaline cartilage

A

Most abundant cartilage in the body

33
Q

Define Interclated discs

A

Unique junction in cardiac muscle tissue

34
Q

Define Regeneration

A

Replacement of destroyed tissue with tissue of the same type

35
Q

Define Fibrous

A

Destroyed tissue is replaced by fibrous connecttive tissue (scar tissue)

36
Q

Define Stratum Grandulosum

A

Skin layer where keratinization begins

37
Q

Define Melanocytes

A

Pigement-producing cells

38
Q

Define Arrector pili

A

Muscles in the dermis that cause goose bumps.

39
Q

Define Apocrine glands

A

Sweat glands found in the axillary and gential areas

40
Q

Define Canaliculi

A

Small commmunicating channels that radiate through the bony matrix

41
Q

Define Endosteum

A

The lining of the marrow cavity

42
Q

Define Osteoclasts

A

Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix

43
Q

Define Osteoblasts

A

Cells that can build bony matrix

44
Q

Define Chondrocytes

A

Mature cartilage cells

45
Q

Define Hematopoiesis

A

Blood-cell formation

46
Q

Define Humerous

A

This bone articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

47
Q

Define Ulna

A

Forearm bone that forms the elbow

48
Q

Define Femur

A

Largest bone in the body.

49
Q

Define Amphiarthroses

A

Slightly movable joint

50
Q

Define Synathroses

A

Immovable joints

51
Q

Define Diarthroses

A

Freely movable joints

52
Q

Define Gomphosis

A

Also known as peg-in-socket joint

53
Q

Define Suture

A

Fibrous joint found only in the skull

54
Q

Define Bursae

A

Sacs lined with synovial membrane,contain synovial fluid

55
Q

Define Synovial

A

Most joints in the body are ths type, have caivities filled with fluid

56
Q

Define Cacium ions

A

Serves as the trigger for muslce contraction

57
Q

Define Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter released at neuromuscular junctions

58
Q

Define Acetylcholinesterase

A

Destroys acetylcholine

59
Q

Define Isotonic contractions

A

Contractions in which muscle length changes an moves a load

60
Q

Define Muscle fatigue

A

State of physiological inability to contract a muscle

61
Q

Define Anaerobic threshold

A

Point at which muscle metabilism converts to glycolysis

62
Q

Define Hypertrophy

A

An increase in muscle cell size

63
Q

Define Calmodulin

A

Caciium binding site in smooth muscle

64
Q

Define Caveolae

A

Infoldings in smooth muscle that sequester

65
Q

Define Varicosities

A

Swellings of erve fibers, releaes neurotransmitters in smooth muscles

66
Q

Define Unitary

A

Most common type of smooth muscle

67
Q

Define Dystrophin

A

Protein that stabilized the sarcolemma, is defective in DMD

68
Q

Define Myoblasts

A

Embryonic cells that all three muscle types develop from

A&P Vocab First Semester (5 decks)

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