Fal. Of Ambiguity

Question 0

Amphiboly

Answer 0

When an ambiguous statement serves as a premise with the interpretation that makes it true and a conclusion is drawn from it on an interpretation that makes the premise false.

Question 1

Equivocation

Answer 1

If there is a shift in the meaning of a word or phrase in the course of an argument.

Question 2

Accent

Answer 2

When a premise relies for its apparent meaning on one possible emphasis, but a conclusion is drawn from it that relies on the meaning of the same words accented differently.

One form of this fallacy occurs when a quotation is incomplete or taken out of context, and the meaning of the quotation changes.

Question 3

Composition

Answer 3

An argument commits the fallacy of composition if it improperly concludes that a property true of a part of a whole applies to the whole, or that a proper true of a member of a class applies to the whole class.

Question 4

Division

Answer 4

An argument commits the fallacy of division if it illegitimately claims that a term that is true of a whole is true of a part, or a term that is true of a class of things is true of a member of that class.