Failure of vertebral segmentation and formation

Question 1

Classification

Answer 1

Hemivertnra ( failure of formation )
Fully segment ➡️ disc between VB ⬆️⬆️ scoliosis
Semi segmented ➡️ incomplete Vb fuse w/o disc
Non segment ▶️ connect VB w/o disc
Incarcerated ➡️ compensate VB ➡️ neutralize scoliosis

Faluire of segmentation
Unilateral vs bilateral ( Klippel-Feil) block

Question 2

Hemivertebra HVB

Answer 2

Unilateral VB ➡️ one pedicle and hemilamina
MCC of congenital scoliosis
Variation ; multiple , segmentation fluorescent > 40 % , extra rib , anterior HVB

Question 3

Indication for HVB surgery

Answer 3

5 degree progression
After age 1 u
Complication ➡️ Crankshafting

Question 4

Klippel-Feil syndrome 📍

Answer 4

Cervical
Congenital fusion of 2 => Vb block VB complet fusion with postive r lament

Question 5

When segmentation of cervical sometimes

Answer 5

GW 3-8

Question 6

Presentation

Answer 6

🔺 low posterior hairline, bervicollis( short neck) , limitation neck motion rotation ) , if VB fusion > 3

Question 7

iniencephaly

Answer 7

Complete absence of the posterior elements with an enlarged foramen magnum and fixed hyperextension posture

Question 8

Klippel-Feil syndrome association

Answer 8

Hypoplastic disc space
Small central canal
60% scoliosis

Sprengel’s deformity ( ⬆️ scapula )

synkinesis( mirror 🪞 motion )
One kidney
High arch cleft palet