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Chemistry Unit 1 AQA > Facts You Should Know > Flashcards

Facts You Should Know Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are protons?

A

In the nucleus

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2
Q

Where are neutrons?

A

In the nucleus

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3
Q

Where are electrons?

A

In the shells

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4
Q

What is the charge on a proton?

A

+1

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5
Q

What is the charge on a neutron?

A

0

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6
Q

What is the charge on an electron?

A

-1

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7
Q

What is a compound?

A

2 or more different elements that are chemically combined

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8
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A mixture is 2 or more elements that may or may not be chemically combined

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9
Q

What is an element?

A

A single substance that is made up of the same atoms.

It is found on a periodic able

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10
Q

Which number is the number of protons on a period of table?

A

The atomic number ( smaller one)

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11
Q

How do you calculate neutrons?

A

Mass number - atomic number (big - small)

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12
Q

How do we find the number of electrons of an element using the periodic table?

A

The atomic number ( smaller number)

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13
Q

What is the chemical name for limestone?

A

Calcium Carbonate

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14
Q

What is thermal decomposition?

A

The breaking down of something by heating it

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15
Q

What are the 2 products when CaCO3 is thermally decomposed?

A

CaO (calcium oxide)

and

CO2 (carbon dioxide)

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16
Q

How do we test for carbon dioxide?

A

Use limewater. If the limewater goes cloudy then carbon dioxide is present.

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17
Q

When we react a carbonate with a dilute acid what happens?

A

You get carbon dioxide

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18
Q

When we beat a metal carbonate what happens?

A

Metal oxide + carbon dioxide

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19
Q

What happens when water is added to calcium oxide?

A

Calcium hydroxide

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20
Q

Give 3 advantages to limestone quarries

A

Jobs, infrastructure, use the hole for landfill afterwards

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21
Q

Give 3 disadvantages to limestone quarries

A

Noise pollution, dust pollution, traffic

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22
Q

How are metals found in the ground?

A

Either as an ore or a metal oxide

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23
Q

What does the reactivity series show us?

A

The most reactive elements at the top and the least reactive at the bottom

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24
Q

What is a reduction reaction?

A

The removal of oxygen

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25
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

The use of electricity to separate a metal from its ore

26
Q

What is an alloy?

A

A mixture of metals

27
Q

What is phytomining?

A

Using plants to get small amounts of copper out of the ground

28
Q

What is bio leaching ?

A

Using bacterial to get copper from the ground

29
Q

Give 3 properties of transition metals

A

Hard, shiny, unreactive

30
Q

What is crude oil?

A

A mixture of hydrocarbons

31
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

Hydrogen and carbon bonded together

32
Q 
What are these?
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
A

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane

33
Q

What does ane mean ? Eg. PentANE?

A

It’s an alkane

34
Q

What does ene mean? Eg methENE?

A

It’s an alkene

35
Q

What is a saturated hydrocarbon?

A

An alkane ( singly bonded carbons)

36
Q

What’s the formula for an alkane?

A

CnH(2n+2)

37
Q

What is acid rain?

A

Sulfur dioxide is dissolved in water

38
Q

What do catalytic converts do?

A

Remove pollution from petrol fumes

39
Q

What is climate change?

A

The change in climate due to increased levels of carbon dioxide

40
Q

What is a biofuel?

A

A fuel that recycles things and is renewable

41
Q

Give 3 advantages of biofuels

A

Less pollution, renewable, carbon neutral

42
Q

Give 3 disadvantages of biofuels

A

Land is used that could be used to grown food, habitats destroyed, can be expensive

43
Q

What is cracking?

A

Making long hydrocarbons short

44
Q

What is an alkene?

A

Carbons with double bonds

45
Q

What is the formula for alkenes?

A

CnH2n

46
Q

What is a monomer and polymer?

A

Monomer :

One

Polymer:

Many

47
Q

How can we extract oils from plants?

A

Distillation

48
Q

What is hydrophobic?

A

Doesn’t like water

49
Q

What is hydrophilic?

A

Water liking

50
Q

Name the layers of the earth

A

Outer crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

51
Q

What evidence is there that containers used to be conjoined?

A

Fossil patterns

Shape of the continents

52
Q

How are continents moving apart?

A

Convection currents in the mantle

53
Q

What was in the earths early atmosphere?

A

Carbon dioxide, ammonia, sulfur

54
Q

Give 2 ways CO2 was removed from the early atmosphere

A

Photosynthesis

Dissolved in oceans

55
Q

What did Miller and Urey show?

A

Amino acids

56
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An element with different numbers of neutrons

57
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

The sharing of electrons between 2 non metals

58
Q

How many covalent bonds does carbon have?

A

3

59
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

The bonding between a metal and non metal

60
Q

What is metallic bonding?

A

2 metals bonding together

Chemistry Unit 1 AQA (1 decks)

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