Facts

Question 1

What was the character of Charles I?

Answer 1

He was short, had a stutter and had a Scottish accent

Question 2

What did Charles believe in strongly?

Answer 2

Divine Right of Kings, that he was a ruler chosen by god

Question 3

Who did Henrietta Maria provide protection for?

Answer 3

English Catholics

Question 4

How did Charles bring order to Buckingham’s court?

Answer 4

He instructed the gentry to spend less time in London and more time fulfilling their duties in their local regions

Question 5

Who was fined in 1632 for staying in London without royal permission?

Answer 5

William Palmer

Question 6

How many subsidies did parliament grant the King in 1625 and how much were they worth?

Answer 6

Two, £140,000 each

Question 7

What was tonnage and poundage?

Answer 7

A tax on imports and exports

Question 8

Who opposed the Forced loan?

Answer 8

MP Thomas Scott, and Archbishop of Canterbury, George Abbot, who refused to license a sermon defending it

Question 9

What right did the Five Knights used to defend themselves?

Answer 9

Habeas corpus

Question 10

Why did Arminian ideas appeal to Charles?

Answer 10

Valued order, ceremony and hierarchy, reflected Charles’ ideas about Divine Right

Question 11

How many of Buckingham’s men died between 1624-28?

Answer 11

1/3 of 50,000

Question 12

Give three examples of failed foreign policy under Buckingham?

Answer 12

Mansfeld, Cadiz and La Rochelle

Question 13

What two financial grievances did parliament have in 1628?

Answer 13

Extra parliamentary taxation & billeting of soldiers

Question 14

What two legal grievances did parliament have in 1628?

Answer 14

Martial law, King’s power to imprison without trial

Question 15

Who drew up the Petition of Right?

Answer 15

Sir Edward Coke

Question 16

What did Charles threaten to do if parliament continued to impeach Buckingham?

Answer 16

Dissolve parliament

Question 17

What were the three resolutions in the Protestation of 1629?

Answer 17

King considered a traitor if he move religion towards Arminianism/ Catholicism and if he collects tonnage and poundage without parliamentary consent

Question 18

Name two leading opponents who were arrested for treason in 1629?

Answer 18

Sir John Eliot, Denzil Holles

Question 19

Name two members of Charles’ Privy Council?

Answer 19

Laud and Wentworth

Question 20

Give two examples of the King’s prerogative courts and what could they do?

Answer 20

Star Chamber, Court of High Commission, could interpret law in King’s favour

Question 21

What did the Book of Orders do?

Answer 21

Reformed local government to improve their communication with the King, e.g. through JPs

Question 22

What was ‘thorough’?

Answer 22

Laud and Wentworth’s policy of imposing strict standards on royal officials

Question 23

How did Charles reduce his spending?

Answer 23

Ended conflict with France and Spain, reduces spending on royal household

Question 24

What was Charles’ debt in 1629?

Answer 24

£2million

Question 25

What was Book of Rates and how much did reissuing it earn up to 1635?

Answer 25

List of products which required customs duty (tax), £270,000

Question 26

How much did the ‘popish soap’ monopoly earn?

Answer 26

£33,000

Question 28

How much did ship money raise and what was it’s initial compliance?

Answer 28

£300,000, 90% compliance

Question 29

How many judges agreed that ship money was unlawful during the Hampden Case?

Answer 29

5 out of 12

Question 30

What was Laud’s new altar policy?

Answer 30

Moving the alter to the eastern wall of the church (Catholic position) and decorating it

Question 31

How was the clergy politicised?

Answer 31

All Scottish Bishops made JPs in 1634

Question 32

How did Laud establish conformity to Laudianism?

Answer 32

New Church Canons, reports through visitations and presentment bills, Star Chamber

Question 33

What was the traditional religion in Scotland?

Answer 33

Presbyterianism

Question 34

Why were the new Scottish Canons controversial?

Answer 34

Not ratified by Scottish General Assembly, Bishops no longer elected by ministers, new Prayer books

Question 35

Give two examples of directs attacks on Puritanism?

Answer 35

Book of Sports, Abolition of Feoffees

Question 36

How many Puritans emigrated to New England?

Answer 36

20,000

Question 37

Give an examples of a Puritan pamphleteer and the pamphlet they wrote?

Answer 37

William Prynne, Histriomastrix

Question 38

Give three Puritan groups?

Answer 38

Hampden Circle, Pamphleteers, Providence Island Company

Question 39

What was the compliance to ship money in 1639 and what caused this change?

Answer 39

25%, Hampden Case

Question 40

Whose lives were most improved by Wentworth ‘thorough’ policy and whose were alienated?

Answer 40

Lower classes, Upper class families

Question 41

How do Wentworth establish political authority in Ireland?

Answer 41

Frightened opponents into submission

Question 42

How did Wentworth ensure religious conformity in Ireland?

Answer 42

Laudian 39 Articles, new Irish Court of High Commission

Question 43

How did Wentworth ensure Ireland was profitable?

Answer 43

Re-issued Book of Rates, used the Graces to persuade Irish Parliament to vote six subsidies

Question 44

Give an example of a concession in the Graces

Answer 44

Recusal fines would not be collected

Question 45

What were the reactions to Thorough in England?

Answer 45

Shrinking circle of advisors, alienated local families

Question 46

Where did riots take place in Scotland in July 1637?

Answer 46

St Giles, Glasgow

Question 47

What was the National Covenant and why was it able to form?

Answer 47

A promise made by the Scottish people that they would not conform to Laud’s religious changes, Thorough did not extend to Scotland

Question 48

How many Scots signed the Covenant?

Answer 48

Hundreds of thousands

Question 49

Give three reasons why the King lost the First Bishops’ War?

Answer 49

King had poor finances, Covenanters able to imports resources from Northern European Powers, many Covenanters were soldiers returning from the Thirty Years War and were lead by the experienced General Leslie

Question 50

What agreement ended the First Bishops’ War?

Answer 50

Pacification of Berwick

Question 51

How did Charles attempt to finance a Second Bishops’ War?

Answer 51

Recalled Short Parliament

Question 52

What was agreed to end the Second Bishops’ War?

Answer 52

Treaty of Ripon, Charles agreed to call parliament and not dissolve it until subsidies were voted to pay the Scots off

Question 53

What was the Cumbernauld Band?

Answer 53

Group of Scottish Nobles who expressed to the King

Question 54

Why was Short Parliament dissolved?

Answer 54

King still expected to receive money from Spanish King or Pope, parliament did not trust Charles

Question 55

Give three examples of the King’s strengths in 1640

Answer 55

Support in House of Lords, determined and effective ministers, command of army

Question 56

Give two examples of actions taken against the King during the first sessions of parliament

Answer 56

Prerogative courts disbanded, advisors impeached

Question 57

What was the Triennial Act?

Answer 57

Ensures regular parliaments

Question 58

Give two examples of the strengths of parliamentary opposition?

Answer 58

Interconnections, support from Londoners

Question 59

What were Bridge Appointments and who initiated them?

Answer 59

Earl of Bedford, gave King a workable financial settlement in return for removal of most hated parts of Personal Rule and regular parliaments

Question 60

Give two examples of suggestions in the Ten Propositions

Answer 60

Parliamentary input into Privy Councillors, parliamentary control over royal children

Question 61

What did Root and Branch Petition state, who drafted it and how many Londoners supported it?

Answer 61

Abolishment of archbishops and Bishops, Oliver St John, 15,000

Question 62

What was the Army Plot?

Answer 62

A rumour that Charles would bring his army to London, free Strafford and forcibly dissolve Parliament

Question 63

What was the Protestation Oath?

Answer 63

Oath to Protestantism signed by all males over 18

Question 64

Who presented the Grand Remonstrance and give two examples of its demands

Answer 64

John Pym, to give Parliament more influence of minister positions, remove Bishops from House of Lords

Question 65

How many MPs passed the Grand Remonstrance?

Answer 65

159 to 148

Question 66

What was the Incident of October 1641?

Answer 66

Attempt by Charles to remove most radical Covenanters

Question 67

What was the Bill of Attainder and how did Pym enforce it?

Answer 67

Act which allowed the prosecution of Strafford with little evidence against him, he pressured parliament into passing it using the London Mob

Question 68

Give two examples of MPs reluctant to agree to the Bill of Attainder?

Answer 68

Earl of Bedford, Denzil Holles

Question 69

What did the Irish Noblemen want to do after watching the events in Scotland?

Answer 69

Overthrow Protestant Ulster Plantation, re-assert Catholic power in Ireland

Question 70

How many Protestants were killed in the Irish Rebellion?

Answer 70

Around 40,000

Question 71

Who introduced the Militia Bill what was it?

Answer 71

Haselrig, removed King’s power to summon and militia and gave parliament power to appoint commanders

Question 72

Give two examples of MPs Charles attempted to arrest in 1641

Answer 72

Pym and Hampden

Question 73

How was the Militia Ordanance different to the Bill?

Answer 73

Parliament could make it a law without needing Charles’ consent

Question 74

Give two reasons which indicated whether people would support the King or parliament

Answer 74

Geography, employment

Question 75

Give three reasons for supporting the King

Answer 75

Fear of disorder, constitutional royalism, religious moderation

Question 76

Give three examples of propositions on the Nineteen Propositions

Answer 76

Parliament influence over royal appointments, parliamentary control of education of royal children, five members cleared of all charges

Question 77

Where did the King raise his Standard?

Answer 77

Nottingham