Facts Flashcards
Stimulus?
Stressor perspective, “external force applied to object”
Importance of studying work stress?
(1) job performance,
(2) employee’s health
Response?
Human reaction to stressors
Immediate or delayed
Stimulus-Response?
Interaction between the person and stressor (special physical or psychological demands)
Fight or flight is not good in modern context because…
- Absenteeism
2. Workplace incivility
General Adaptation Syndrome - Selye
- All humans have the same physiological response
- Fight or flight (deal with potential injury)
- Long term - arterial blockages
- Withdrawal work behaviours [2]
Cognitive Transactional Model - Lazarus
Stress when imbalance between demands and ability
- Cognitive appraisal
- Focus on transaction between demands and ability
- Three appraisal
Conflict-Theory Model, Janis
Stress caused by faulty decisions. Hence provide:
- Realistic warnings and preparation
- Stimulate mental rehearsals
Janus Conflict-Theory Questions?
- Serious if I don’t change?
- Serious if I change?
- Possible for better solution?
- Enough time to search and deliberate?
Person and Environmental Fit Model, McGrath
Supplies-need fit
Demands-abilities fit
Demands-control model (Karasek)
Demand and control independently explains the psychological strain
- Passive job
- Low strain
- High strain (social support low*)
- Active job (low self-efficacy**)
**refuse to be in control
Conservation of resource theory- Hobfoll
Converse and limit circumstances endangering resources
Threat; failure to obtain more; actual resource loss
Objects, Personal characteristics, Conditions, Energies
Loss > recover > gain
Rich gets richer,
poor gets poorer
Challenge-hindrance Model
Challenge - positive perf
Hindrance - negative perf
Stimulate growth — organisational rewards
Role episode model
Role conflict
Rôle ambiguity
Role overload
Role conflict
Intra sender role conflict
Inter sender role conflict
Inter role conflict
Person role conflict
Role ambiguity
Task ambiguity
Socioemotional ambiguity
Role overload
Quantitative overload
Qualitative overload
What is inter role conflict?
Holding multiple roles like a mother and a worker.
What is Person role conflict?
Values the person belief does not match work requirements
E.g believe in nurturing, but boss requires fast paced and to demand for results
Task ambiguity??
The job is loosely defined. Not sure what is required and how to solve it.
Socioemotional ambiguity?
Where an action in one area yields uncertainty from social members from work.
Last few days of critical project preparation, Amy decided to take leave to attend to her hospitalised mother, she is concern if whether her colleagues are bad mouthing her
Quantitative overload?
Too much task at hand and given little time!
Rooney
Qualitative overload?
Task at hand too difficult! Can’t solve with current abilities.
Torres
Work-to-family conflict?
Work responsibilities reducing family responsibilities.
Family-to-work conflict?
Family responsibilities reducing work responsibilities.
Work-family conflict has 3 models, what are they?
- Independent model (masculine vs feminine)
- Compensating model (shattered marriage vs devotion to work)
- Spillover model (good at times, nurturing manager)
Research findings of Spillover model of work-family conflict?
- People don’t leave stress in the office
2. Spillover is not always negative
Work-life integrators
Blurred boundaries
Low contrast
Multitask
Work-life segmentators
Clear boundary
High contrast
Traditional work arrangement
Effects of computerisation and automation?
- Threaten to job skills this losing jobs. (COR)
2. Threat of losing self-esteem, due to no longer work at their perceived best. (COR)
Effects of electronic performance monitoring?
Social isolation.
Loss job control.
Job simplification.
What is interpersonal conflict?
Perceive that the other party negatively affect something I care about.
Leading to fight or flight.
1. Turnover (superiors)
2. Depression (colleagues)
How does organisational change cause stress?
Role ambiguity and disruption
How downsizing and job loss cause stress?
- Actual loss of condition (job)
- Fear of being next.
- Injustice