Factors Influencing Urinary Elimination Flashcards
Children cannot voluntarily control urinary voiding until age _____.
18-24 months
Readiness for __________ includes the ability to recognize the feeling of bladder fullness, hold urine for 1 to 2 hours, and communicate the sense of urgency.
Toilet Training
______ adults may experience a decrease in bladder capacity, increased bladder irritability, and an increased frequency of bladder contractions during bladder filling.
Older
In older adults the ability to hold urine between the initial desire to void and an urgent need to void _______.
Decreases
Older adults are at increased risk for urinary _______ because chronic illnesses and factors that interfere with mobility, cognition, and manual dexterity.
Incontinence
Anxiety can impact bladder emptying because of inadequate _______ of the pevlic floor muscles and urinary sphincter.
Relaxation
Depression can ________ the desire for urinary continence.
Decrease
If fluids, electrolytes, and solutes are balanced, increased fluid intake _______ urine production.
Increases
Alcohol _____ the release of antidiuretic hormones, thus _______ urine production.
Decreases; Increasing
Spinal cord injury or intervertebral disk disease (above S1) can cause the ______ of urine control.
Loss
Prostatic enlargement can cause ________ of the bladder outlet, causing urinary ______.
Obstruction; Retention
Diuretics _______ urinary output by preventing resorption of water and certain electrolytes.
Increase
Hypnotics and sedatives may ______ the ability to recognize and act on the urge to void.
Reduce
______ may cause localized trauma of the urethra, resulting in transient (1-2 days) dysuria and hematuria.
Cytoscopy
Whenever the sterile urinary tract is catheterized, there is a risk for _______.
Infection
