factors affecting perception

Question 1

factors affecting perception

Answer 1

• culture
• emotion
• motivation
• expectation

Question 2

culture

Answer 2

Social world we live in (culture) affects what our senses pick up

Question 3

emotion

Answer 3

The tendency for our brain to notice exciting things and block out threatening things

Question 4

motivation

Answer 4

Wanting something more increases its attractiveness

Question 5

expectation

Answer 5

Beliefs about past experience can affect how much we attend to things

Question 6

gilchrist & nesburg (motivation) - aim

Answer 6

to find out if food deprivation affects the perception of food

Question 7

gilchrist & nesburg (motivation) - method

Answer 7

2 groups, hungry (no food for 20hrs) and not hungry. pp’s shown a slide of a meal, pp’s had to adjust light to level of slide shown

Question 8

gilchrist & nesburg (motivation) - results

Answer 8

perceived food as brighter the longer deprived of food

Question 9

gilchrist & nesburg (motivation) - conclusion

Answer 9

sensitivity greater when food deprived. Hunger is a motivating factor that affects perception of food

Question 10

gilchrist & nesburg (motivation) - evaluation

Answer 10

Support from similar studies – Sanford’s study found similar results which strengthens the validity of the conclusions

Ethical issues – depriving people of food causes discomfort and goes against human rights, a case of physical harm. no protection from harm

Not like everyday life – pp’s judged pictures rather than real food so it may not apply to real world, lacks validity

Question 11

bruner and minturn (expectation) - aim

Answer 11

to find out if an ambiguous figure is seen differently if context is changed

Question 12

bruner and minturn (expectation) - method

Answer 12

pp’s shown a sequence of letters or numbers with an ambiguous figure in the middle

Question 13

bruner and minturn (expectation) - results

Answer 13

those who saw a letter said B, those who saw a number said 13

Question 14

bruner and minturn (expectation) - conclusion

Answer 14

shows expectation is affected by the context a figure is presented

Question 15

bruner and minturn (expectation) - evaluation

Answer 15

Artificial task – ambiguous figures are designed to trick perception, so task lacks validity

Independent group design – pps variables may have caused the difference in results not expectation

Real-world application – the study can explain the sometimes serious mistakes people make in the real world