Factors Affecting Health Flashcards
What do Carbohydrates, Fats, Protein, Fibre, Vitamins and Mineral Ions do in order to have a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates release energy.
Fats keep you warm and release energy.
Protein helps growth, cell repair and cell replacement
Fibre keeps everything moving smoothly through your digestive system
&& vitamins and mineral ions keep skin, bones, blood and everything else generally healthy.
What are the chemical reactions in your body that keep you alive? And what is the speed at which they occur?
The chemical reactions are called your metabolism and the speed at which they occur is your metabolic rate.
Why might there be slight variations in different peoples resting metabolic rate?
People who have a higher proportion of muscle to fat in their bodies will have higher metabolic rates because muscle needs more energy than fatty tissue.
Physically bigger people are likely to have higher MR because the bigger you are the more energy your body needs to be supplied with (because you have more cells)
Men tend to have slightly higher MR than women because they are usually bigger and have larger proportions of muscle
Also regular exercise can boost your MR because it builds muscle.
Define the term Malnourishment?
People whose diet is badly out of balance are said to be malnourished. Malnourished people can be fat, thin or unhealthy in other ways.
Give reasons as to how people become Obese?
Excess carbohydrate or fat in the diet can lead to obesity. Hormonal problems can lead to obesity though the usual cause is bad dieting, overeating and lack of exercise.
What health problems can arise from Obesity?
Arthritis (inflammation of joints) Type 2 diabetes (inability to control blood sugar levels) High blood pressure Heart disease Some kinds of cancer
What problems can arise eating too little?
Slow growth (in children) Fatigue Poor resistance to infection Irregular periods. Deficiency diseases caused by a lack of vitamins or minerals, for example a lack of vitamin C can cause scurvy which causes problems with skin joints and gums
Why does regular exercise help you stay healthy?
People who exceed use regularly are usually healthier than those who don’t
Exercise increases amount of energy used by the body and decreases the amount stored as fat. Therefore building muscle and boosting your MR.
People who exercise are less likely to suffer from health problems such as obesity
How can inherited factors affect your health?
Some inherited factors cause an under active thyroid gland which can lower the MR and cause obesity.
Some inherited factors increase blood cholesterol level which increases the risk of heart disease.
What do can you say when evaluating Slimming Claims?
- Is the report a scientific study, published in a reputable journal?
- Was it written by a qualified person (NOT connected with the people selling it)?
- Was the sample of people asked/tested large enough to give reliable results?
- Have there been other studies which found similar results?
How do you effectively lose weight?
Take in less energy than you use.
Eating less fat or carbohydrate so that you take in less energy, or do more exercise so that you use more energy.
