facial Flashcards
A(n) _____, also known as a facial treatment, is a professional skin treatment that improves the condition and appearance of the skin.
facial
An important part of a facial treatment that determines skin type, condition, and the recommended treatment is the _____.
skin analysis
What term describes a condition that requires avoiding certain treatments, procedures, or products to prevent undesirable effects?
Contraindication
Clients who present skin abnormalities, open sores, or fever blisters should be referred to a(n)
physician
Any important observations or contraindications should be recorded _____ in the client’s record card.
in colored pen
Completed client intake forms and service record cards may contain _____ information about the client and must be kept in a secured room or cabinet.
private
When giving facials, _____ in the presence of your clients as much as possible.
perform your disinfection procedures
Cosmetologists should avoid wearing jewelry on the hands or arms while administering facial treatments because rings and bracelets may _____ the client.
accidentally injure
During an analysis procedure, cleansing milk is applied to the skin using _____.
upward circular movements
When removing cleanser in the eye area, move outward on the upper lid and _____.
inward on the lower lid
What tool provides a magnifying lens surrounded by a circular light, providing a well-lit, enlarged view of the skin?
Magnifying lamp
_____ is determined by how oily or dry the skin is.
Skin type
Oily or dry conditions of skin that cannot be permanently changed, only improved with treatments, are determined by the skin _____.
type
The amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands determines the size of the _____.
pores
Obvious pores on the surface of the skin indicate _____.
oily skin areas
The term _____ means lack of lipids, and describes skin that does not produce enough sebum, indicated by absence of visible pores.
alipidic
What type of skin appears shiny or greasy from clogged, dead cells in the follicle?
Oily skin
Which term describes follicles impacted with solidified sebum and dead cell buildup, also known as blackheads?
Open comedones
Which term describes follicles impacted with solidified sebum and dead cell buildup that appear as small bumps just underneath the skin’s surface?
Closed comedones
The difference between open and closed comedones is the size of the follicle opening, called the _____.
ostium
The cosmetologist must receive _____ instruction in order to properly perform extraction of clogged pores and comedones.
hands-on
____ is considered a skin type because the tendency to develop this condition is hereditary.
Acne
Acne bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, and therefore, are _____.
anaerobic
Pimples that have a pus head are called _____.
pustules
What term describes dark blotches of color on the skin caused by sun exposure or hormone imbalance?
Hyperpigmentation
Which term describes rosacea conditions with dilated surface blood vessels?
Telangiectasias
Which term describes rosacea conditions with areas of skin with distended capillaries and diffuse redness?
Couperose
Treatments that produce heat or stimulate the skin should be avoided for clients with which skin disorder?
Rosacea
What skin condition contains areas of hyperpigmentation, wrinkled areas including areas not in the normal facial expression, and sagging skin from damage to elastic fibers due to chronic and frequent exposure to the sun over the client’s lifetime?
Sun-damaged skin
_____ are non-foaming, lotion cleansers designed to cleanse dry and sensitive skin types and to remove makeup.
Cleansing milks
_____ are cleaners containing surfactants that cause the product to foam and rinse off easily.
Foaming cleansers
Foaming cleansers that wash off easily contain a detergent that is also known as a(n) _____.
surfactant
Products that are designed to rebalance the pH and remove remnants of cleanser from the skin are known as _____.
toners
The process of removing dead cells from the surface of the skin is _____.
exfoliation
Cosmetology professionals are only allowed to use products that remove dead skin from the stratum _____.
corneum
What products are used to physically remove dead cell buildup?
Mechanical exfoliants
A cream-type enzyme applied to the face and rolled off the skin is a _____.
gommage
What are scrubs that contain aluminum oxide crystals, along with other granular scrubs?
Microdermabrasion
_____ contain(s) chemicals that loosen or dissolve dead cell buildup, can work in a relatively short time, or be combined in a moisturizer for longer effects.
Chemical exfoliants
Exfoliants that dissolve the bonds and intercellular cement between cells are _____.
alpha hydroxy acids
Salon alpha hydroxy acid exfoliants are often referred to as _____.
peels
Chemical exfoliants that work by dissolving keratin protein in the surface cells are known as _____.
enzyme peels
An enzyme peel that does not dry the skin and can be used during a steam treatment is the _____.
powder form
Products used to increase the water content of the skin surface are known as _____.
moisturizers
Water-binding agents in moisturizers are also known as _____.
humectants
What are oily or fatty ingredients that prevent moisture from leaving the skin?
Emollients
Moisturizers for oily skin are most often found in lotion form and generally contain _____ amounts of emollient.
smaller
Shielding the skin from _____ is probably the most important habit to benefit the skin.
sun exposure
Skin products that have a higher concentration of ingredients are _____.
serums
Individual doses of serum, sealed in small vials, are called _____.
ampoules
What is a lubricating cream that must be thoroughly removed for additional products to penetrate the skin?
massage cream
What are concentrated treatment products often composed of mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, botanical extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and nourish the skin?
Masks
Oil-absorbing masks that have an exfoliating and astringent effect, making large pores appear smaller, are _____.
clay-based masks
Masks containing hydrators and soothing ingredients that do not dry hard and can be used on sensitive skin are _____.
gel masks
Masks containing _____ and other beneficial ingredients are melted at a little more than body temperature before application and applied over treatment creams to allow the cream’s ingredients to penetrate more deeply into the surface layers of the skin.
paraffin
Which masks contain special crystals and dry to a plaster-like consistency?
Modelage masks
What thin, open-meshed cotton fabric is used to hold mask products on the face?
Gauze
The manual or mechanical manipulation of the body by rubbing, kneading, or other movements is known as _____.
massage
The impact of a massage treatment depends on the amount of pressure, direction of movement, and _____.
duration of manipulation
The direction of movement in massage should always be from insertion of the muscle toward its _____.
origin
What is a light, continuous, stroking movement applied with the fingers or palms?
Effleurage
Every massage should begin and end with which movement?
Effleurage
What kneading movement is performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissue with light, firm pressure?
Pétrissage
_____ is a form of pétrissage in which the tissue is grasped, gently lifted, and spread out.
Fulling
What is a deep rubbing massage movement in which pressure is applied to the skin while moving over an underlying structure?
Friction
Pressing and twisting the tissues with a fast back-and-forth movement is a form of friction known as _____.
rolling
What is a stimulating form of massage that consists of short, quick tapping, slapping, and hacking movements?
Tapotement
What is a chopping movement performed with the edges of the hands whereby both wrists and hands move alternatively in fast, light, firm, and flexible motions against the skin?
Hacking
The point over a muscle where pressure or stimulation will cause contraction of the muscle is the _____.
motor point
To soften skin tissues and follicle accumulations making them easier to extract, it is recommended to first use a(n) _____.
facial steamer
To provide a buffer for the skin when using a brushing machine, apply a thick layer of cleaner or _____.
moisturizer
An applicator used to direct electric current from a machine to the client’s skin is a(n) _____.
electrode
High-frequency electrotherapy machines have how many electrodes?
One
What is the process of softening and emulsifying hardened sebum that is stuck in the hair follicles?
Desincrustation
The process of using galvanic current to enable water-soluble products that contain ions to penetrate the skin is ____.
iontophoresis
Nikolas Tesla is credited with discovering _____.
high-frequency current
Light therapy using a light-emitting diode (LED) uses blue light to treat skin that is _____.
acne-prone
What is a mechanical exfoliation that uses a closed vacuum to shoot crystals onto the skin?
Microdermabrasion
Process of forcing substences into tissues using galvanis current from the negative toward the positive pole.
Anaphoresis
Tonic lotions with alchol used to remove oil accumulation on oily skin
Astringents
An electrical appliance with interchangeable brushes that used to mechanically cleanse, stimulate, and exfoliate the skin.
Brush machine
Process of forcing acidic substances into tissues using galvanic current from positive toward negative pole
Cataphoresis
The process of deep pore cleansing using electrode and acid based solution to create a chemical reaction that helps emulsify or liquidfy sebum and waste from the skin
Desincrustation
High frequency current peformed with the mushroom or rake shaped electrodes for its calming and germicidal effect
Direct surface application
Massage unit that attaches to the barbers hand.
Electric Massager
An electrical appliance that produces and projects moist, uniform steam for softening and cleansing purposes
Facial Steamer
